基于光化学反应的自修复高分子研究现状及展望  

Research progress and prospect of self-healing polymers based on photochemical reactions

作　　者：张泽平 容敏智 章明秋 Zeping Zhang;Minzhi Rong;Mingqiu Zhang(Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education,GD HPPC Lab,IGCME,School of Chemistry,Sun Yatsen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]聚合物复合材料及功能材料教育部重点实验室/广东省高性能树脂基复合材料重点实验室/中山大学绿色化学与分子工程研究院/中山大学化学学院,广州510275

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2024年第9期1534-1548,共15页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:52033011,52373095);广东省高等学校功能分子工程基础研究卓越中心资助项目。

摘　　要：光照可以触发光化学自修复高分子所含光敏基团的光化学反应,从而促进大分子链的扩散、渗透和缠结,并在裂纹面间重建新的化学键,实现损伤修复,在智能涂层、光学材料和器件、软体光致动器、可穿戴柔性电子等领域具有广阔的应用前景.光作为一种清洁能源,环境友好且廉价易得,而且具有高时空分辨率,能方便地进行时间和空间维度的控制,有助于远程激活和局部区域自修复.本文从光化学反应的类型出发,即光可逆环加成反应、光致异构化反应、动态可逆交换反应和解离-结合平衡反应,综述了含不同光敏单元自修复高分子的结构特征、修复机制和研究进展,并在此基础上进一步分析了该新兴领域的挑战和发展趋势.The photosensitive groups of photochemical self-healing polymers can undergo photochemical reactions under light irradiation,and promote diffusion,permeation and entanglement of macromolecular chains,followed by the rebonding of cracked surfaces via the newly formed chemical bonds.The technique has broad application prospects in the fields of smart coatings,optical materials and devices,soft photo-actuators,wearable flexible electronics,etc.As a clean energy,light stimulus is environmentally friendly,low-cost,and easily available,and has a high spatiotemporal resolution,which can achieve spatial and temporal control like remote activation and remending of localized damages.Starting from the types of photochemical reactions,including photo-reversible cycloaddition reactions,photo-induced isomerization reactions,dynamic reversible exchange reactions,and dynamic dissociation-association equilibrium reactions,the present article reviews the structural characteristics,healing principles and research progress of selfhealing polymers containing various photosensitive chemical units.Based on the above analyses,the challenges and development trends in this emerging field are further analyzed.

关 键 词：光化学自修复 可逆键 光可逆环加成反应 光致异构化反应 动态可逆交换反应 解离-结合平衡反应 

分 类 号：O631.3[理学—高分子化学]