数字游民:自由、责任与新自由主义秩序  

Digital Nomads:Freedom Responsibilit and the Neoliberal Order

作　　者：法比奥拉·曼奇内利 姚建华(编译)[2] 徐偲骕(编译) Mancinelli Fabiola;Yao Jianhua;Xu Sisu(Department of Social Anthropology,University of Barcelona,Barcelona 08001,Spain;School of Journalism,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Journalism and Communication,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]巴塞罗那大学社会人类学系,西班牙巴萨罗那08001 [2]复旦大学新闻学院,上海200433 [3]上海大学新闻传播学院,上海200444

出　　处：《学术探索》2024年第9期67-78,共12页Academic Exploration

基　　金：复旦大学亚洲研究中心2023年度课题项目(SDH3154001);复旦大学新闻学院科研创新项目(XWH3353051)。

摘　　要：数字游民是这样一群人,他们运用便携式计算技术和广泛的互联网接入,能在任何地方远程工作,并利用这种自由来探索世界。本文使用民族志和网络民族志研究方法概述了这一最新现象,将其置于生活方式流动性和个体化理论的视角中,通过关注个体化过程所带来的一系列新的责任和承诺,丰富了现有的研究。在研究参与者的解释中,脱离定居主义的生活使他们能够表达一种自由的精神,在这种精神中,极简主义、不确定性和风险取代了物质积累、稳定性和舒适性。不过,这种精神在哪些结构性约束中运作,也是必须予以关注的。本文的目的是双重的:一方面,它将数字游民的社会文化想象——流动性/非流动性,与他们为维持流动性所采取的特定经济策略(包括地理套利和网络资本商品化)进行对比;另一方面,它提供了新的民族志证据,阐明数字游民的自我实现计划如何与企业家精神的意识形态相吻合,使他们得以成为“特权一族”,畅行在资本主义制度的全球不平等中。由此可见,数字游牧主义是一种适应新自由主义意识形态的生活方式,而非是对既有制度的挑战。Digital nomads are individuals who,taking advantage of portable computing technologies and widespread Internet access,can work remotely from any location and use this freedom to explore the world.Using ethnographic and netnographic research,this article outlines this recent phenomenon,framing it into the lens of lifestyle mobilities and individualization theories.It adds to existing research by focusing on the new set of responsibilities and commitments entailed by the individualization process.In research participants'explanations,disengaging from sedentary life enabled them to express an ethos of freedom,in which minimalism,uncertainty and risk replace material accumulation,stability and comfort.It is important however to pay attention to the structural constraints within which their ethos of freedom operates.The aim of the article is twofold:on one hand,it contrasts digital nomads'sociocultural imaginaries of(in)mobility with the specific economic strategies they use to sustain their continuous mobility,including geoarbitrage and the commodification of network capital.On the other,it provides fresh ethnographic evidence on how digital nomads'self-realization project meets the ideology of entrepreneurialism,allowing them to take advantage of privileged nationalities to navigate the global inequalities of the capitalist system.The article argues that,rather than a challenge to the system,digital nomadism is an opportunistic adaptation to neoliberal impacts.

关 键 词：数字游民 生活方式流动性 地理套利 网络资本商品化 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]