TypeⅠ型有机光敏剂在光动力治疗中的研究进展  

Progress of TypeⅠOrganic Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy

作　　者：张杰 潘泳卉 何淳旭 王园 苗笑飞 赵惠 范曲立 胡文博 Zhang Jie;Pan Yonghui;He Chunxu;Wang Yuan;Miao Xiaofei;Zhao Hui;Fan Quli;Hu Wenbo(State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM),Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu,China;Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics,Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE),Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province,Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University,Ningbo 315103,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学材料科学与工程学院,有机电子与信息显示国家重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [2]西北工业大学柔性电子研究院,柔性电子前沿科学中心,陕西西安710129 [3]西北工业大学宁波研究院,浙江省柔性电子重点实验室,浙江宁波315103

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第15期90-109,共20页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62175201);宁波市自然科学基金重点项目(2021J043);西北工业大学中央高校建设经费自主项目;江苏省自然科学基金(BK20220404)。

摘　　要：光动力治疗是一种临床批准的新型治疗技术,其基于光敏剂在特定光照作用下产生活性氧来实现对疾病的治疗。根据产生活性氧的类型,光敏剂可分为TypeⅠ(氧自由基)和TypeⅡ(单线态氧)型。TypeⅡ型光动力治疗严重依赖分子氧浓度,这一特性限制了其在乏氧肿瘤治疗领域的实际应用。相比之下,TypeⅠ型光动力治疗即便在低氧条件下也能有效地生成氧自由基,因而在乏氧肿瘤治疗领域展现出了巨大的应用前景。然而,当前的TypeⅠ型光敏剂种类有限,且缺乏有效的设计策略,阻碍了它的进一步发展。本文综述了当前TypeⅠ型有机光敏剂的种类、设计思路及其在光动力治疗领域的最新研究进展,旨在为未来的研究提供参考。Significance Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a clinically approved novel treatment modality with the advantages of non-invasive characteristics,excellent spatiotemporal precision,and negligible multidrug resistance.The cornerstone of PDT is the use of a photosensitizer that generates cytotoxic reactive oxygen species(ROS)upon activation by the appropriate light to kill tumor cells.Photosensitizers are classified based on the ROS they produce—TypeⅠphotosensitizers generate oxygen radicals,whereas TypeⅡphotosensitizers yield singlet oxygen.The efficacy of TypeⅡPDT is notably constrained by its reliance on molecular oxygen,which limits the treatment of hypoxic tumors.In contrast,TypeⅠPDT exhibits a significant advantage under hypoxic conditions because it can effectively produce oxygen radicals even in hypoxic environments,thereby holding considerable promise for the treatment of hypoxic tumors.However,the development of TypeⅠPDT has been hindered by the scarcity of TypeⅠorganic photosensitizers and the absence of reliable design strategies.Therefore,addressing these challenges is crucial for the advancement of TypeⅠPDT.The development of new TypeⅠphotosensitizers,understanding their structure‒property relationships,and overcoming the challenges in designing these molecules are pivotal steps toward realizing their potential in clinical settings.This review comprehensively summarizes the progress in existing TypeⅠorganic photosensitizers for PDT,along with an exhaustive analysis of the structure‒property relationships and discussion of the ongoing challenges in this field.We hope that the knowledge and insights presented in this review will serve as a catalyst for further innovation in the field,ultimately contributing to the advancement of TypeⅠorganic photosensitizers in clinical settings.Progress TypeⅠphotosensitizers are particularly promising due to their inherent ability to generate ROS,such as superoxide anion(O 2−•)and hydroxyl radicals(·OH),without substantial reliance on oxygen.

关 键 词：医用光学 生物光子学 有机光敏剂 光动力治疗 活性氧物质 单线态氧 

分 类 号：R454.2[医药卫生—治疗学]