激光打孔背伤防护的蒙特卡罗模拟与实验研究  

Monte Carlo Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Back Strike Protection in Laser Drilling

作　　者：曾庆阳 王斌[1,2] 张文武 Zeng Qingyang;Wang Bin;Zhang Wenwu(Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aero Engine Extreme Manufacturing Technology,Ningbo 31520l,Zhejiang,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,浙江宁波315201 [2]全省航空发动机极端制造技术研究重点实验室,浙江宁波315201 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第16期327-338,共12页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY21E050018)。

摘　　要：针对薄壁空腔零件在激光打孔过程中的背壁损伤问题,结合蒙特卡罗模拟和防护性能验证实验,分析了影响防护材料性能的关键因素。基于蒙特卡罗方法模拟了不同颗粒直径的防护材料对加工区域的交叉重叠阻挡率,根据阻挡率分布的统计特征,对于孔径为0.3 mm的激光打孔加工,优选20目(≈0.8 mm)作为最适合填充的颗粒粒度。利用纳秒脉冲激光加工系统开展了背伤防护材料的防护性能影响因子筛选试验设计(DOE),同时开展了针对合成颗粒石墨、绿碳化硅(SiC)、氧化锆(ZrO2)三种材料的击穿计时实验。结果表明:颗粒形态对防护性能具有显著影响,相较于球形颗粒,不规则多边形颗粒的防护性能更佳;黏合剂对防护性能的影响不显著;以SiC颗粒填充的防护材料的防护性能更优,击穿用时37.494 s。本研究为颗粒填充背伤防护材料提供了一种快速选型优化策略。Objective With the development of high-end equipment manufacturing,a series of high-performance thin-walled cavity parts requiring precision hole drilling,such as automobile fuel injector nozzles and turbine blades,have emerged.The overall performance of such parts depends on the hole-drilling technology.Laser drilling,as a non-contact processing method,has the advantages of high efficiency,high flexibility,low thermal influence,and insensitivity to the processed material,and it has been widely used in the manufacturing of high-performance parts.However,in the laser drilling process for thin-walled cavity parts,it is difficult for the focused laser beam to immediately desist after breaking through the front wall.This causes a back strike injury on the back wall,as shown in Fig.4.Back strike protection methods can be divided into two main categories:passive protection methods,which involve the utilization of protective materials to fill cavities,and active protection methods,which use sensing signals for the real-time control of the drilling process.Passive protection methods are characterized by their simplicity,high stability,and suitability for mass production.Therefore,they are widely used in processing.Currently,research on back strike protective materials has preliminarily explored the influence of composition and proportion on protective performance,but few studies have been undertaken on factors such as particle size,shape,and binder.In addition,to quickly respond to the drilling requirements of different apertures,a method that can reduce the number of trial-and-error tests and efficiently develop back strike protective materials must be explored.Methods To overcome the problem of the low protection ability of small particles and simultaneously prevent the protection failure caused by large particles generating filling gaps,this work simulated the blocking rate of particles to the drilling area at different particle diameters via random sampling using a Monte Carlo method.Figure 1 illustrates the calculat

关 键 词：激光技术 激光打孔 背伤防护 蒙特卡罗方法 试验设计 击穿实验 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]