叶施生物刺激剂与减量灌溉对芹菜生长、产量及灌溉水利用效率的影响  

Effects of Biostimulants Combined with Reduced Irrigation on Growth,Yield and Irrigation Water-use Efficiency of Celery

作　　者：陈俊杰 李艳梅[2] 杨俊刚[2] 姜丽娜 孙向阳 廖上强[2] CHEN Jun-jie;LI Yan-mei;YANG Jun-gang;JIANG Li-na;SUN Xiang-yang;LIAO Shang-qiang(Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection,Ministry of Education,School of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource Environment,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第10期1-7,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0199500);现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC08-2024-YJ01)。

摘　　要：生物刺激剂在增强农作物非生物逆境耐性方面的潜在价值备受各方关注。采用完全随机区组设计,考察了生物刺激剂(清水对照组CK;黄腐酸FA;甜菜碱GB)叶施与减量灌溉(常规灌溉CI;73%常规灌溉RI)措施相耦合对设施芹菜生产的影响,旨在探索生物刺激剂的节水增产增效潜力。分析了芹菜光合作用、生物量、产量、灌溉水利用效率、营养和安全品质以及矿质营养元素氮磷钾吸收量等指标。结果表明,常规及减量灌溉条件下,叶施FA和GB显著降低了芹菜的叶片温度,大幅提升了芹菜的叶片蒸腾效率;叶喷2种生物刺激剂还明显提升了芹菜地上部氮磷钾元素吸收量和单棵重、产量、净收入、灌溉水利用效率,叶施FA处理芹菜的生长及产量明显优于GB。品质调控方面,GB优于FA。与CI相比,RI处理未引起芹菜减产,大幅提升了芹菜灌溉水利用效率。RIFA和RIGB组合处理的芹菜产量、水分利用效率和净收入均明显大于CICK,表明2种生物刺激剂在农业增产增效及节水领域均具有应用价值。The potential value of biostimulants in enhancing crop’s tolerance to abiotic stress has attracted much attention.A completely randomized block design was employed to study the coupling effects of biostimulants foliar application(water control CK,fulvic acid FA and betaine GB)and reduced irrigation(conventional irrigation,CI;73%conventional irrigation,RI)on greenhouse celery production.Our aim was to explore the water-saving and yield-increasing potential of the biostimulants.The leaf photosynthesis,plant biomass,irrigation water use efficiency,nutritional and safety quality as well as the mineral nutrient uptake was examined.The results showed that,in both irrigation water levels,foliar application of FA and GB significantly reduced the leaf temperature,and greatly improved the leaf transpiration efficiency.Foliar spray measure also significantly increased plant nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake,single plant weight,yield,net income and irrigation water use efficiency.Foliar application with FA performs much better than that with GB in terms of celery yield,while their effects on celery quality is just the opposite.Compared with CI,adoption of RI measure did not lead to yield decrease,and greatly improved the irrigation water use efficiency.The yield,irrigation water use efficiency and planting net income of celery treated with RIFA and RIGB were significantly higher than those of CICK,indicating the potential value of the chosen biostimulants in crop yields increase and water conservation.

关 键 词：生物刺激剂 黄腐酸(FA) 甘氨酸甜菜碱(GB) 水肥胁迫 减量灌溉 叶面喷施 水肥耦合 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]