分流漩涡型灌水器结构设计及其优化  

Structure Design and Optimization of Split-flow Vortex Emitter

作　　者：李海洋 魏立山 于东平 杨帅 杨越 王亚林 LI Hai-yang;WEI Li-shan;YU Dong-ping;YANG Shuai;YANG Yue;WANG Ya-lin(Dezhou Water Conservancy Bureau,Dezhou 253000,Shandong Province,China;Shandong Provincial Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250000,China;Dezhou City Water Conservancy Project Construction and Maintenance Center,Dezhou 253000,Shandong Province,China;College of Water Conservancy and Environment,Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]德州市水利局,山东德州253000 [2]山东省水利勘测设计院有限公司,济南250000 [3]德州市水利工程施工与维修中心,山东德州253000 [4]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第10期41-48,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科技计划重点项目(D20221206);三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心开放基金(KF202302);山东省省级水利科研与技术推广项目(SDSLKY201703)。

摘　　要：分流漩涡型灌水器是一种先分流再产生漩涡从而达到消能目的的灌水器。为研究灌水器流道结构参数对水力特性和抗堵塞性能的影响,选取分水体与流道边壁的距离、分水体与阻水体头部的距离、阻水体齿倾斜角度和阻水体齿到流道边壁的距离4个特征参数研究其水力性能,选取粒径为0.125 mm、密度为2500 kg/m3的泥沙颗粒研究其抗堵塞性能。结果表明,灌水器流态指数为0.4812~0.5068,分水体与流道边壁的距离对流态指数影响最大;灌水器流量系数为2.2093~3.2906,分水体与流道边壁的距离和阻水体齿端到流道边壁的距离均对流量系数有影响。研究发现主漩涡区是易堵塞区域,在多数情况下流态指数与颗粒滞留时间呈负相关规律。最后对该结构进行了优化设计,以提高其水力性能和抗堵塞性能,可为分流漩涡型灌水器水力性能评估和结构优化提供技术支撑。The split-flow vortex emitter is a type of irrigation emitter that diverts the water first and then produces vortexes to achieve energy dissipation.In order to study the influence of the structural parameters of the emitter flow channel on the hydraulic characteristics and anticlogging performance,four characteristic parameters were selected to study the hydraulic performance,including the distance between the water body and the side wall of the flow channel,the distance between the water body and the head of the blocking water body,the inclination angle of the blocking water tooth and the distance between the blocking water tooth and the side wall of the flow channel.The sediment particles with a diameter of 0.125 mm and a density of 2500 kg/m3 were selected to study its anti-clogging performance.The results show that the flow index of the emitter is 0.4812~0.5068.The distance between the water body and the side wall of the flow channel has the greatest influence on the flow index.The discharge coefficient of the emitter is 2.2093~3.2906.The distance between the water body and the side wall of the flow channel and the distance from the end of the water blocking tooth to the side wall of the flow channel all affect the discharge coefficient.It is found that the main vortex area is a susceptible area for clogging.In most cases,the flow index is negatively correlated with the particle retention time.Finally,the structure is optimized to improve its hydraulic performance and anti-clogging performance,which can provide technical support for the hydraulic performance evaluation and structural optimization of the split vortex emitter.

关 键 词：水力性能 分流漩涡 结构参数 局部水头损失 颗粒轨迹 灌水器流道结构 设计优化 抗堵塞 

分 类 号：S277.99[农业科学—农业水土工程]