基于智能算法的灌区渠系多目标优化配水模型研究及其系统开发  

Research on Multi-objective Optimal Water Distribution Model of Irrigation Canal System Based on Intelligent Algorithm and its System Development

作　　者：卢潇悦 何英[1] 景少波 LU Xiao-yue;HE Ying;JING Shao-bo(Xinjiang Agriculture University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Water Conservancy Science and Technology Extension Station,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区水利科技推广总站,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第10期49-54,59,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目“内陆河流域水土资源优化配置与适水发展模式”(2023A02002-1);新疆维吾尔自治区水利科技专项项目“灌区渠系优化配水技术研究与应用”(XSKJ-2023-03)。

摘　　要：优化灌区渠系输配水技术是推动农业水资源高效利用的重要举措。针对新疆部分灌区渠系管理上沿用人工传递信息方法来决策配水方案,难以达到优化调配。以轮灌分组和配水流量为决策变量,建立了以渠道输水损失最小、轮灌组内配水时间差最小为目标的灌区支、斗渠优化配水模型,采用多目标粒子群算法进行求解;在深入研究渠系优化配水模型及其算法求解的基础上,采用Visual Studio Code、Matlab开发工具,开发灌区渠系水优化配置系统,并通过实例进行检验分析。结果表明:优化后的配水方案较该时段实际灌溉方案,渗漏损失总量由48.49万m^(3)减少至23.78万m^(3),配水时间由30 d缩短为14.6 d。所建立的渠系优化配水模型贴近渠系实际运行情况,可以实现集中高效配水;开发的渠系水优化配置系统界面友好、参数简洁,能方便快速地为灌区的配水优化编组提供决策依据。Optimization of water transmission and distribution technology in irrigation district canal systems is an important measure to promote the efficient use of agricultural water resources.In some irrigation districts in Xinjiang,manual information transfer methods are used for canal system management and decision-making on water distribution schemes,which makes it difficult to achieve optimal deployment.In this paper,using rotational irrigation grouping and water distribution flow as decision-making variables,the optimal water distribution model of branch and bucket canals in irrigation areas was established to minimize channel water loss and the time difference in water distribution within the rotational irrigation group,and use the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm was used to solve the problem.Based on an indepth study of optimal water distribution model of the canal system and its algorithm solution,Visual Studio Code and Matlab development tools are used to develop the optimal allocation system of canal system water in the irrigation area and test and analyze it through examples.The results show that:the optimized water distribution scheme reduces the total seepage loss from 484900 m^(3)to 237800 m^(3)compared with the actual irrigation scheme in this period,and the distribution time is shortened from 30 days to 14.6 days.The optimized water distribution model is close to the actual operation of the canal system,and it can realize the centralized and efficient distribution of water,and the interface of the optimized water distribution system is user-friendly,the parameters are simple and concise,and it can be used to optimize the water distribution of the irrigation area in a convenient and fast way.

关 键 词：灌区渠系 多目标优化配水 配水模型 轮灌分组 多目标粒子群算法 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]