砂管灌与有机肥对土壤蔗糖酶活性及骏枣品质的影响  

Effects of Sand Tube Irrigation and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Sucrase Activity and Jujube Quality

作　　者：张华东 李侨 周少梁 孙三民[1] ZHANG Hua-dong;LI Qiao;ZHOU Shao-liang;SUN San-min(College of Water Conservancy and Architectural engineering,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第10期60-67,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51869030,51369028)。

摘　　要：为响应化肥减量增效有关政策,探究砂管灌装置灌溉方式下不同有机肥30%养分替代化肥处理对骏枣产量与品质和对土壤蔗糖酶活性及有机质含量的影响,以南疆骏枣为研究对象,设置鸡粪(T1)、油渣(T2)、有机水溶肥(T3)和单施化肥(CK)4个试验处理,结果表明,有机肥配施化肥可以使果实膨大期枣树叶片SPAD值提高3.29%~6.29%,能够不同程度地提高0~40 cm土壤蔗糖酶活性,并能使0~40 cm土层有机质含量提高5.93%~34.62%。有机肥配施化肥能在稳定产量的同时使骏枣果实的总糖含量增加12.36%~35.25%、可溶性固形物含量增加25.60%~38.24%、维生素C含量增加1.17%~15.36%,并能使骏枣产量增加0.63%~4.81%。综合比较下T1处理鸡粪有机肥(2 kg/棵)30%养分替代化肥的处理效果最佳。该研究对于化肥减量增效与农业水资源高效利用具有重要意义。To respond to the relevant policies of chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase,and explore the effects of 30%nutrient substitution of chemical fertilizer with different organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of Junjube,as well as on the activity of soil sucrase and organic matter content under the irrigation method of sand pipe irrigation device,four experimental treatments were set up:chicken manure(T1),oil residue(T2),organic water-soluble fertilizer(T3)and chemical fertilizer alone(CK)were set up in southern Xinjiang Junjujube.The results showed that organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer could increase the SPAD value of jujube leaves by 3.29%~6.29%at the fruit expansion stage It can increase the activity of sucrase in 0~40 cm soil to varying degrees,and increase the organic matter content of 0~40cm soil layer by 5.93%~34.62%.The application of organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer can increase the total sugar content of jujube fruit by 12.36%~35.25%,the content of soluble solids by 25.60%~38.24%,vitamin C by 1.17%~15.36%,and the yield of jujube by 0.63%~4.81%while stabilizing the yield.This study is of great significance for the reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizers and the efficient utilization of agricultural water resources.

关 键 词：骏枣 砂管灌 有机肥 减施氮肥 替代化肥 土壤蔗糖酶 

分 类 号：S14[农业科学—肥料学] S275[农业科学—农业基础科学]