基于船舶总能系统及余热利用的主机选型研究  

Research on Main Engine Selection Based on Ship’s Total Energy System and Waste Heat Utilization

作　　者：伍赛特 WU Saite(SAIC Motor,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海汽车集团股份有限公司,上海200438

出　　处：《交通节能与环保》2024年第5期114-119,共6页Transport Energy Conservation & Environmental Protection

摘　　要：以主推进发动机(又称“主机”)的定义及类型作为切入点,本文介绍了汽轮机、柴油机及燃气轮机等几类常规热力发动机,以及相关联合动力装置的技术特点。考虑到对民用船舶的经济性要求,开发充分利用余热的总能系统势在必行,从几类主机的技术特点出发,重点对其在总能系统中的应用可行性进行了分析。就目前而言,燃气轮机虽然单机热效率较低,但由于具有较高的排气温度及较大的流量,在船舶总能系统领域有着较好应用前景。燃气轮机与汽轮机联合组成的燃气-蒸汽联合动力装置(COGAS型联合动力装置)能显著提升系统热效率,达到与低速柴油机相近的水平。Starting from the definition and types of main propulsion engines(also known as“main engines”),this article introduces several types of conventional thermal engines such as steam turbines,diesel engines,and gas turbines,as well as the technical characteristics of related combined power plants.Considering the economic requirements for civilian ships,it is imperative to develop a total energy system that fully utilizes waste heat.Starting from the technical characteristics of several types of main engines,the feasibility of their application in total energy systems was analyzed with emphasis.At present,although gas turbines have low thermal efficiency per unit,they have good application prospects in the field of ship total energy systems due to their high exhaust temperature and large flow rate.The gas steam combined power unit(COGAS type combined power unit)composed of a gas turbine and a steam turbine can significantly improve the thermal efficiency of the system,reaching a level similar to that of a low-speed diesel engine.

关 键 词：船舶 联合动力装置 总能系统 余热利用 内燃机 

分 类 号：U661.3[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]