环氧丙烷/O2/固态氧化剂复合促进甲烷爆轰  

Propylene Oxide/O2/Solid Oxidant to Promote CH4 Detonation

作　　者：李大方 孙伟福 王成[1,2] 陈杨超越[1,2] 刘力赫 LI Dafang;SUN Weifu;WANG Cheng;CHEN Yangchaoyue;LIU Lihe(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]爆炸防护与应急处置技术教育部工程研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2024年第10期1006-1015,共10页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0711800);国家自然科学基金资助项目(12372348)。

摘　　要：为缓解水力压裂的淡水损耗与污染,原位甲烷燃爆压裂技术应运而生.其首要挑战是如何设计助燃剂配方,诱导甲烷产生剧烈爆轰以劈裂页岩.采用点火(环氧丙烷与氧气)及燃烧改进剂(Ba(NO3)2、KMnO4、NaClO3或NaClO4)混合的方案,解决了甲烷爆轰的形成与维系,并初步提升了爆炸特性.在一套502.4L管道爆炸装置中,探究了添加物对甲烷爆轰的贡献,确定了最优配方.发现点火改进剂可提升甲烷爆炸能量并加快燃烧,诱导爆燃转爆轰,而燃烧改进剂可进一步增强爆轰波冲击与传播性能.研究结果获得了效果最佳的NaClO4,最终将甲烷爆轰的超压与速度分别提升了281.4%和117.2%.To mitigate the depletion and contamination of freshwater from hydraulic fracturing,in-situ methane explosive fracturing technology has been emerged.The foremost challenge is how to design the combustion im-prover formulation that induces methane to generate a violent detonation and thus fracture shales.A mixing scheme of ignition(propylene oxide and oxygen)and combustion improvers(Ba(NO3)2,KMnO4,NaClO3 or NaClO4)was employed to address the formation and sustainment of methane detonation,and initially enhance the explosion characteristics.In a 502.4 L pipeline explosion setup,the contribution of additives to methane det-onation was explored,and an optimal formulation was determined.It is revealed that ignition improvers can en-hance the energy of methane explosion and accelerate combustion to induce deflagration-to-detonation,whereas combustion improvers can further boost the impact and propagation properties of detonation waves.The most ef-fective NaClO4 ultimately enhanced the overpressure and velocity of methane detonation by 281.4%and 117.2%,respectively.

关 键 词：CH4 环氧丙烷 氧气 固态氧化剂 爆炸超压 爆速 

分 类 号：TJ510.1[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]