金融如何有效服务于小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接?  

How Can Finance Effectively Serve the Organic Connection Between Small Farmers and Modern Agriculture Development?

作　　者：温涛[1,2] 刘正桃 WEN Tao;LIU Zheng-tao(Center for Inclusive Finance and Agricultural&Rural Development Research,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;The Belt and Road Research Institute,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Economics and Management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学普惠金融与农业农村发展研究中心,重庆400715 [2]西南大学“一带一路”研究院,重庆400715 [3]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《东北财经大学学报》2024年第5期62-80,共19页Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接研究”(21ZDA062);国家社会科学基金重点项目“建立解决相对贫困的制度体系与长效机制研究”(20AZD080);国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字普惠金融赋能小农经济现代化改造研究”(23AJY014)。

摘　　要：实现小农户与现代农业发展有机衔接是实现农业农村现代化的重要任务,而金融是推动小农户融入现代农业的“源头活水”。当前,金融服务小农户与现代农业发展有机衔接在农村金融顶层设计优化、农村金融机构改革、信贷支持和保险保障、数字普惠金融等方面取得了积极进展,但是仍然存在扶贫小额贷款不适应新阶段的发展需要、小农户发展现代农业的筹资融资能力低、农业供应链金融对小农户带动作用有限、农村信用体系建设存在较大的短板、农业风险防范机制和分担机制尚不健全、农村基础设施建设的金融支持严重不足等现实困境。因此,要从农村金融服务体系、农村抵押担保体系、农业供应链金融、智慧化信用档案、创新激励和风险管理、农业基础设施金融服务六个方面进一步深化金融改革创新来助力小农户与现代农业发展有机衔接。本文为如何实现农业现代化提供新的视角,对加快建设农业强国具有一定的启示意义。Realizing the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture is an important task in achieving the goal of modernizing agriculture and rural areas and building up China’s strength in agriculture,and finance is the“source of vitality”to promote the integration of small farmers into modern agriculture.At the same time,providing financial services and support for the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture is a key link in finance serving the real economy and agriculture,rural areas,and farmers.This paper,based on policy texts,typical cases,and CRERFS 2021 data,deeply analyzes the positive progress and remaining practical difficulties in finance serving the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture,as well as how to optimize the path to promote the modernization of small farmers.Research has found that finance serving the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture has made positive progress in the top‑level design of rural finance,reform of the rural financial institution,credit support and insurance guarantee,and digital inclusive finance.However,there are still practical difficulties,such as the inadequacy of small loans for poverty alleviation in addressing the requirements of the new developmental stage,low financing capacity forsmall farmers to develop modern agriculture,limited driving effect of supply chain finance on small farmers,significant shortcomings in rural credit system,inadequate risk prevention and sharing mechanism,and insufficient financial support for the construction of rural new infrastructure.Therefore,the next step involves deepening financial reform and innovation from the following six aspects to facilitate the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture:first,improve the rural financial service system and enhance industrial support capabilities;second,improve the rural mortgage guarantee system and enhance farmers’financing capacity;third,develop agricultural supply chain fina

关 键 词：农村金融 小农经济 农业农村现代化 

分 类 号：F830.6[经济管理—金融学]