彩色小麦农艺性状和微量营养元素相关回归分析  

Correlation of agronomic traits and micronutrient elements of colored wheat

作　　者：张正斌[1] 徐萍[1] 李奉令 张文胜[1] 李芙蓉[1] ZHANG Zhengbin;XU Ping;LI Fengling;ZHANG Wensheng;LI Furong(Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;Beijing Zhongnong Bosch Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,石家庄050022 [2]北京中农博思科技发展有限公司,北京100049

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2024年第10期1669-1678,共10页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：河北省现代种业科技创新专项(22326302D);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0069);农业农村部“十四五”小麦种质资源精准鉴定项目(19221925)资助。

摘　　要：彩色小麦因富含多种微量元素已成为生物营养强化育种的研究热点,前人研究多集中在对少数彩色小麦品种进行农艺性状和微量元素硒、锌、铬含量的比较分析,但对彩色小麦农艺性状和微量元素的相关回归分析少见报道。2021年10月—2022年6月在中国科学院栾城农业生态系统试验站设置了大田品种比较试验,对来自黄淮麦区的19个彩色小麦种质资源和1个对照白粒小麦的10个农艺性状及16种微量元素进行考种检测、t检验和相关及逐步回归分析,探讨彩色小麦农艺性状和微量元素的相关性。研究结果表明,19个彩色小麦种质资源的穗长、单株穗数、收获指数和单位面积产量与对照白粒小麦差异极显著(P<0.01),其中‘紫瑞8号’和‘济紫麦2号’单位面积产量分别比对照白粒小麦品种提高7.31%和6.72%。彩色小麦单位面积产量和千粒重呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),和铜、锌含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),和银呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。锶→单株穗数→银→单位面积产量为1条相关路径,镍→钴→铁→钒→穗长为第2条相关路径,锰→锡→钼→穗粒数→千粒重→铜→锌→单位面积产量为第3条重要相关路径。钒、铜、锶、株高和穗粒数5个性状共同决定单位面积产量变异的83.4%。以上这些研究结果为彩色小麦生物营养强化育种提供了理论依据和技术支撑。Colored wheat has become a research hotspot in biofortified breeding as a result of its richness in various microelements.Previous studies have mainly focused on the comparative analysis of agronomic traits and the microelements Se,Zn,and Cr in a few varieties of colored wheat;however,reports on the phenotypic correlation between agronomic traits and microelements in colored wheat remain scarce.To address this,a comparison of field varieties was set up from October 2021 to June 2022 in the Luancheng Agricultural Ecosystem Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences.A total of 19 colored wheat germplasm resources and one control white wheat variety from the Huanghuai wheat area were tested.Detection,t-test,and related and gradual regression analyses were used to determine the correlation between agronomic traits and 16 microelements of colored wheat.The results showed that the spike length,number of spikes per plant,harvest index,and yield per unit area of the 19 colored wheat germplasm resources varied significantly from that of the control white wheat,among which yield per unit area of‘Zirui 8’and‘Jizimai 2’increased by 7.31%and 6.72%compared to that of the white wheat‘Shimai 22’,respectively.The yield per unit area was significant positively correlated with 1000-grain weight(P<0.01),and significant negatively correlated with contents of Cu(P<0.01),Zn(P<0.01),and Ag(P<0.05).The first related path was Sr→number of spike per plant→Ag→yield per unit area,the second related path was Ni→Co→Fe→V→spike length,and the third related path was Mn→Sn→Mo→grain number per spike→1000-grain weight→Cu→Zn→yield per unit area.Five traits,namely V,Cu,and Sr contents and plant height and grain number per spike,jointly de-termined 83.4%of the variation of yield per unit area.These results provide a theoretical basis for the biofortified breeding of colored wheat.

关 键 词：彩色小麦 种质资源 农艺性状 微量元素 

分 类 号：S326[农业科学—作物遗传育种]