超声辅助热化学清洗法处理含聚重质油泥及其清洗特征研究  

Ultrasonic-assisted thermochemical cleaning for polymer-containing heavy oily sludge and its cleaning characteristics

作　　者：杜恒瑞 康绍果 王磊 张志远[2] DU Hengrui;KANG Shaoguo;WANG Lei;ZHANG Zhiyuan(School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Department of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling,Research Center of Eco-Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;BCEG Environmental Remediation Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100015,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学能源与环境工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心固体废弃物处理与资源化实验室,北京100085 [3]北京建工环境修复股份有限公司,北京100015 [4]污染场地安全修复技术国家工程实验室,北京100015

出　　处：《化工环保》2024年第5期684-691,共8页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52170144)。

摘　　要：采用超声辅助热化学清洗法对含聚重质油泥(原油组分为重质油的含聚油泥)进行处理,优化了工艺参数,考察了处理前后油相组分的清洗特征,采用热重-差示扫描量热(TG-DSC)、XRD、FTIR等技术手段对处理前后的油泥进行了表征。结果表明:在清洗剂中硅酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO-9)与十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)的质量比3∶2∶1、清洗温度80℃、清洗剂质量浓度4.5 g/L、清洗剂溶液与油泥质量比7.5∶1、清洗时间1 h、超声温度50℃、超声功率640 W、超声时间15 min的条件下,经处理后,含聚重质油泥的清洗效率为84.75%;超声辅助热化学清洗法对油泥油相中饱和烃、芳香烃、胶质和沥青质四组分的洗脱率分别为87.28%,88.32%,74.37%,74.78%;重质组分的黏度大、极性强、与油泥基质表面的吸附作用强,较轻质组分难洗脱;经处理后,油泥中的大部分饱和烃和芳香烃类物质被去除,而晶相矿物组分未发生变化。Ultrasonic-assisted thermochemical cleaning was conducted to treat polymer-containing heavy oily sludge(polymer-containing oily sludge composed of heavy oil).With the process parameters optimized,the cleaning characteristics of oil phase components were investigated before and after the treatment.The oily sludge was characterized by TG-DSC,XRD,FTIR,and other techniques before and after the treatment.The results show that the cleaning efficiency of the polymer-containing heavy oily sludge after the treatment is 84.75%under the following conditions:the mass ratio of sodium silicate,AEO-9 and SDBS of 3∶2∶1,the temperature of 80℃,the mass concentration of cleaning agents of 4.5 g/L,the mass ratio of cleaning agents to oily sludge 7.5∶1,the cleaning time of 1 h,the ultrasonic temperature of 50℃,the ultrasonic power of 640 W,and the ultrasonic time of 15 min.The elution rates of saturated hydrocarbon,aromatic hydrocarbon,resin,and asphaltene in the oil phase are 87.28%,88.32%,74.37%,and 74.78%,respectively.Heavy components have high viscosity and strong polarity,resulting in strong adsorption on the surface of the oil sludge matrix,making them more difficult to eluate compared to light components.After the treatment,most of the saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons in the oily sludge are removed,while the crystalline mineral components in the oily sludge do not change.

关 键 词：含聚重质油泥 热化学清洗 复配清洗剂 四组分 清洗特征 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]