利他主义与最优贸易政策  

Altruism and Optimal Trade Policy

作　　者：陈瑾 孙楚仁 CHEN Jin;SUN Churen

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学经济贸易学院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2024年第9期140-158,共19页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划青年项目“减税降费提升广东省制造业企业出口韧性的机制、效应和优化路径研究”(项目编号:GD23YYJ21);广东省普通高校特色创新项目“数字化转型提升企业出口韧性的机理、效应和政策研究”(项目编号:24TS03)。

摘　　要：目前大部分基于个体“自利”假设的战略性贸易政策文献结论均表明,一国最优贸易政策是贸易保护政策。然而,当国家之间的企业有利他主义倾向时,一国的最优贸易政策究竟是贸易保护政策还是自由贸易政策,却并未得到过相关研究。本文在战略性贸易政策基本模型的基础上引入企业的利他主义倾向,考察了利他主义对最优贸易政策的影响,结果发现一国的最优贸易政策与企业的利他主义倾向有密切关系。在对称国家—企业情形中,当企业的利他主义倾向很高或者很低时,两国的最优贸易政策是贸易保护政策,而当企业的利他主义倾向处于中等时,两国的最优贸易政策为自由贸易政策。在对称国家但两国企业利他倾向不同的情形中,当对方国家的企业利他倾向较大或者较小时,本国的最优贸易政策是贸易保护政策;而当对方国家的企业利他倾向处于中等水平时,本国的最优贸易政策很复杂,其结果依赖于两国企业利他倾向的相对大小。本文的研究对于重新思考战略性贸易政策的适用范围和方式具有重要的参考价值。A significant portion of the literature on strategic trade policy,built on the assumption of individual“self-interest”,typically concludes that a country's optimal trade policy leans towards trade protectionism.However,there exists a research gap regarding the optimal trade policy of a country when firms between countries exhibit altruistic tend-encies.This paper extends the foundational model of strategic trade policy by introducing altruism as a factor and investigates its impact on determining the optimal trade policy.The findings reveal a strong connection between a country's optimal trade policy and its firms'altruistic tendencies.In scenarios where states and firms exhibit symmetry,a high or low level of altruism among firms leads to the optimal trade policy favoring trade protec-tionism,whereas a medium level of altruism prompts a shift towards free trade policy in both countries.In cases where countries exhibit asymmetry in terms of their altruistic tend-encies,the optimal trade policy for one country typically leans towards trade protectionism if other country firms'altruism tendencies are high or low.However,when the other country's firms display a medium level of altruism,the optimal trade policy becomes more complex and depends on the interplay between the altruistic tendencies of both countries'firms.This research holds significant implications for reevaluating the scope and applica-tion of strategic trade policy.

关 键 词：利他主义 利他倾向 贸易保护政策 自由贸易政策 

分 类 号：F740[经济管理—国际贸易]