明清淮南盐场灶河的维护与水利纠纷——以海安牙桥坝为例  

Maintenance of the Salt Field Canals and Water Disputes in Huainan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties:A Case Study of the Yaqiao Dam in Haian

作　　者：徐靖捷[1] XU Jingjie

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学华南商业史研究中心

出　　处：《盐业史研究》2024年第3期16-26,共11页Salt Industry History Research

摘　　要：传统时期,盐场地区存在着盐场和州县两个具有明确管辖范围和职责的行政管理单位,二者在水利等跨区域的问题上则有协作的需要。灶河原为淮南盐场转运水道,明代一般由盐场官员负责维护,清代则在王朝国家盐场管理思路的改变下由商人主导疏浚。当事关两个行政管理单位利益时,灶河的疏浚则会引起州县官员甚至更高级别官员的重视。海安牙桥徐家坝启闭的争议,从明末一直延续到清中叶,这不仅是盐运与州县灌溉的水利矛盾,更反映了上游州县与下游州县之间不同的利益诉求。In traditional times,salt field areas were governed by two distinct administrative units:the salt fields and the prefectures and counties,each with clear jurisdiction and responsibilities.However,for issues like water management that crossed these boundaries,cooperation was necessary.The salt field canals(zhaohe)originally served as transportation waterways for the salt fields.During the Ming Dynasty,their maintenance was generally overseen by salt field officials,but in the Qing Dynasty,with changes in the state’s approach to salt field management,the dredging of these canals was increasingly led by merchants.However,when conflicts of interest arose between these two administrative units,the dredging of the canals would attract the attention of prefectural and even higher-level officials.The dispute over the opening and closing of the Xujia dam at Yaqiao in Haian persisted from the late Ming to the mid-Qing period,highlighting not only the water management conflict between salt transportation and county irrigation but also the competing interests between upstream and downstream counties.

关 键 词：盐场 州县 灶河 水利纠纷 海安牙桥 

分 类 号：K24[历史地理—历史学]