万寿菊杂交F1代杂种优势及遗传变异分析  

Heterosis and Genetic Variation Analysis of Tagetes erecta L.Hybrid F 1 Generation

作　　者：马雪璟 唐楠[1,2] 唐道城 宋江琴[1,2] 郭俊伟 田金花 MA Xuejing;TANG Nan;TANG Daocheng;SONG Jiangqin;GUO Junwei;TIAN Jinhua(Plateau Flower Research Centre,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Garden Plants and Ornamental Horticulture,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学高原花卉研究中心,西宁810016 [2]青海省园林植物与观赏园艺重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《种子》2024年第9期78-85,共8页Seed

基　　金：青海省科技厅科技成果转化专项“万寿菊雪域3号在高原园林及生态林建设中的应用示范”(2023-NK-151)。

摘　　要：为了解万寿菊杂交F1代的表型差异、杂种优势和遗传变异,筛选优良杂交组合,本研究以15份万寿菊杂交F1代为研究对象,通过表型分析、优势评价结合SSR标记进行遗传变异分析。结果表明,万寿菊株高、冠幅、花朵数、一级分枝数、花径的变异系数范围在12.12%~23.46%之间,其中株高的变异系数和Shannon's信息指数最大。基于表型性状将15份万寿菊分为3类,其中W5的中亲优势和超亲优势最大,主要特征为株高高,冠幅大,花朵数、一级分枝数多。遗传变异分析表明,8对SSR标记的Shannon's信息指数和PIC值分别为0.565和0.328,15份万寿菊杂交F1代群体有效等位基因数平均值为1.859,Shannon's信息指数平均值为0.650,观测杂合度平均值为0.297,期望杂合度平均值为0.458,表明15份万寿菊杂交F1代的遗传多样性丰富。基于UPGMA聚类分析将15个F1代根据父母本来源分类,亲本与子代聚类发现,万寿菊杂交F1代倾向于父系遗传。In order to understand the phenotypic difference,heterosis and genetic variation of Tagetes erecta L.hybrid F 1 generation,and to screen the excellent hybrid combinations,15 Tagetes erecta L.hybrid F 1 samples were selected as the research objects,and the genetic variation was analyzed through phenotypic analysis,dominance evaluation and SSR markers.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of plant height,crown width,number of flowers,number of first order branches and flower diameter of Tagetes erecta L.ranged from 12.12%to 23.46%,among which the coefficient of variation of plant height and Shannon's information index were the largest.The 15 Tagetes erecta L.were divided into 3 groups based on phenotypic traits,among which W5 had the most mesophilic and superparental dominance.The main characteristics were tall plant,large crown width,and large number of flowers and first-order branches.Analysis of genetic variation showed that the Shannon's information index and PIC values of 8 SSR markers were 0.565 and 0.328,and the mean number of effective alleles of 15 Tagetes erecta L.hybrids F 1 generation in the generation population was 1.859,the mean value of Shannon's information index was 0.650,the mean value of observed heterozygosity was 0.297,and the mean value of expected heterozygosity was 0.458,indicating that the genetic diversity of 15 Tagetes erecta L.hybrid F 1 generations was rich.Based on UPGMA cluster analysis,15 F 1 generations were classified according to parental origin,and the clustering of parents and offspring showed that Tagetes erecta L.hybrid F 1 generations tended to be inherited patrilineally.

关 键 词：万寿菊 聚类分析 优势评价 SSR分子标记 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]