婴幼儿过敏性疾病90例影响因素分析  

Analysis of influential factors of allergic diseases in 90 infants and young children

作　　者：钟筱英 徐建新 Zhong Xiaoying;Xu Jianxin(Ward 2,Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine,Jinhua Maternal&Child Health Care Hospital,Jinhua 321000,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]金华市妇幼保健院儿内科第2病区,金华321000

出　　处：《中国基层医药》2024年第9期1373-1377,共5页Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的分析0~3岁婴幼儿发生过敏性疾病的影响因素。方法采用病例对照研究,回顾性分析金华市妇幼保健院2019年1月至2023年6月收治的患过敏性疾病婴幼儿90例(观察组)及同期体检健康婴幼儿80例(对照组)的临床资料。比较两组临床特征,根据多因素logistic回归分析影响0~3岁婴幼儿过敏性疾病发生的相关因素。结果观察组有家庭遗传史占比、婴幼儿接触吸烟环境占比、孕期接触吸烟环境占比、母亲孕期服用二十二碳六烯酸、婴幼儿服用抗生素的占比分别为77.8%(70/90)、55.6%(50/90)、66.7%(60/90)、61.1%(55/90)、55.6%(50/90),均高于对照组的31.3%(25/80)、25.0%(20/80)、25.0%(20/80)、25.0%(20/80)、25.0%(20/80)(χ^(2)=37.19、16.33、29.51、22.40、16.33,均P<0.05);母乳喂养占比为44.4%(40/90),低于对照组的75.0%(60/80)(χ^(2)=16.33,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有家庭遗传史、非母乳喂养、婴幼儿接触吸烟环境、孕期接触吸烟环境、母亲孕期服用二十二碳六烯酸、婴幼儿服用抗生素是0~3岁婴幼儿发生过敏性疾病的危险因素(OR=3.511、3.688、3.377、3.728、3.912、4.023,均P<0.05)。结论有家庭遗传史、非母乳喂养、婴幼儿接触吸烟环境、孕期接触吸烟环境、母亲孕期服用二十二碳六烯酸、婴幼儿服用抗生素是0~3岁婴幼儿发生过敏性疾病的危险因素,临床可借助以上因素判断婴幼儿是否发生过敏性疾病。Objective To analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants and children aged 0-3 years.Methods A case-control study was conducted to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 90 infants and young children diagnosed with allergic diseases(observation group)admitted to Jinhua Maternal&Child Health Care Hospital from January 2019 to June 2023 and 80 healthy infants and young children undergoing routine health check-ups during the same period(control group).The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants and young children aged 0 to 3 years.Results In the observation group,the proportions of infants with a family history of allergic diseases,exposure to smoking environments,maternal smoking exposure during pregnancy,maternal consumption of docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy,and antibiotic use in infants were 77.8%(70/90),55.6%(50/90),66.7%(60/90),61.1%(55/90),and 55.6%(50/90),respectively.All of these were significantly higher than those in the control group[31.3%(25/80),25.0%(20/80),25.0%(20/80),25.0%(20/80),25.0%(20/80),χ^(2)=37.19,16.33,29.51,22.40,16.33,all P<0.05].The proportion of breastfeeding in the observation group was 44.4%(40/90),which was significantly lower than that in the control group[75.0%(60/80),χ^(2)=16.33,P<0.05].Multivariate logistic regression analysis results revealed that family history of allergic diseases,non-breastfeeding,exposure to smoking environments,maternal smoking exposure during pregnancy,maternal consumption of docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy,and antibiotic use in infants were risk factors for the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants and young children aged 0 to 3 years(OR=3.511,3.688,3.377,3.728,3.912,4.023,all P<0.05).Conclusion A family history of allergic diseases,non-breastfeeding,exposure to smoking environments,maternal smoking exposure during pregnancy,maternal consum

关 键 词：过敏反应 婴儿 儿童 学龄前 遗传 母乳喂养 烟草烟污染 抗菌药 因素分析 统计学 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]