GIS盆式绝缘子表面微弱放电的光学检测方法研究  

Study on Optical Detection Method of the Surface Weak Discharge of GIS Basin Insulator

作　　者：罗远 齐波 杨霄 刘京喜 张一 杨卓栋 李成榕 LUO Yuan;QI Bo;YANG Xiao;LIU Jingxi;ZHANG Yi;YANG Zhuodong;LI Chengrong(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System With Renewable Energy Sources(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统国家重点试验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《电网技术》2024年第10期4377-4386,共10页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(5500-202158421A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：气体绝缘全封闭式组合电器(gas insulated switchgear,GIS)是电力系统不可缺少的电气设备,但目前对于其盆式绝缘子表面微弱缺陷放电仍缺乏可靠的监测手段。光测法作为非电检测手段在GIS内部弱光环境下对放电具有较好的检测效果。该文首先利用LED光源验证光路追迹仿真的准确性;其次以仿真作为基础,以试验作为依托研究了GIS内部绝缘子表面缺陷放电光信号随距离变化的传播规律,提出了检测GIS内部微弱放电时光学传感器的要求和布置方法;最后探索光测法对于微弱放电信号的检测灵敏度。研究结果表明:光路追迹仿真与LED光源试验呈现相同规律,其最大误差小于10%;绝缘子正面与侧面缺陷放电光信号随传感器布置距离增大具有明显的衰减规律,而背面缺陷放电光信号不具有衰减规律;光学传感器检测时其对波长的要求为300~550nm,其最小检测光强应大于1.43×10-11W,响应时间应小于局部放电单次脉冲时间;布置在GIS内壁中部的光电倍增管对盆式绝缘子表面不同位置缺陷的检测效果最佳;对于微弱放电的检测光测法灵敏度高于脉冲电流法。该文研究结论对光学传感器应用于检测GIS内部缺陷放电具有参考价值。The gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear(GIS)is an indispensable electrical device in the electric power system,but there still needs to be more reliable means to monitor the weak defect discharge on the surface of the basin insulator.The optical measurement,as a non-electrical detection method,has a good effect on discharge detection in low-light environments of GIS.In this paper,the LED light source is used to verify the accuracy of the optical path-tracking simulation.Secondly,based on simulation and experiment,the propagation law of the surface defect discharge light signal of insulators in GIS is studied with the change of distance,and the requirements and arrangement method of an optical sensor for detecting the weak discharge in GIS are proposed.Finally,the detection sensitivity of the optical measurement method for weak discharge signals is explored.The results show that the optical path tracking simulation shows the same rule as the LED light source test,and the maximum error is less than 10%.With the increase of the distance of the sensor,the light signal of the front and side defects of the insulator has an obvious attenuation law.In contrast,the light signal of the back defects has no attenuation law.The wavelength requirement of optical sensor detection is 300-550nm,the minimum detection light intensity should be greater than 1.43×10-11W,and the response time should be less than the single pulse time of partial discharge.The photomultiplier tube arranged in the middle of the inner wall of GIS has the best detection effect on the defects at different positions on the surface of the basin insulator.For detecting weak discharge,the sensitivity of light measurement is higher than that of the pulse current method.The research results of this paper have reference value for the application of optical sensors in detecting the internal defect discharge of GIS.

关 键 词：气体绝缘组合电器 金属颗粒 局部放电 光测法 传播规律 光电倍增管 布置方法 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]