Janus激酶抑制剂治疗斑秃新进展  

Recent advances of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of alopecia areata

作　　者：杨佼[1] 崔炳南[1] 徐晨琛 YANG Jiao;CUI Bingnan;XU Chenchen(Department of Dermatology,Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Bejing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院广安门医院皮肤科,北京100053

出　　处：《实用皮肤病学杂志》2024年第4期235-240,共6页Journal of Practical Dermatology

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程重大攻关项目(CI2021A02303);北京中医药大学教育科学研究课题(XJY22128)。

摘　　要：斑秃是一种慢性、免疫性、炎症性疾病,确切病因未明。重度斑秃难以治疗,严重影响患者生活质量。近年来,越来越多证据表明Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂具有治疗斑秃的潜力,许多病例报道及大型病例系列研究证实JAK抑制剂治疗斑秃的疗效。2022年6月美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了巴瑞托尼用于治疗成人重度斑秃。JAK抑制剂通过JAK-信号传导及转录激活因子(STAT)通路阻断细胞因子的细胞内传递,从而抑制多种促炎细胞因子,还可能直接作用于毛囊上皮细胞,促进毛囊周期进入生长期。对于重症、激素治疗无效以及合并其他免疫性疾病的斑秃患者是一个新的选择。该文主要阐述JAK抑制剂的作用机制和口服及外用JAK抑制剂治疗成人以及儿童斑秃的现状。Alopecia areata is a chronic,immune,inflammatory disease of unknown exact etiology.Severe alopecia areata is difficult to treat and severely affects patients'quality of life.In recent years,increasing evidence has indicated that JAK inhibitors have the potential to treat alopecia areata,and many case reports and large case series studies have confirmed the efficacy of JAK inhibitors in treating alopecia areata.Baricitinib has been approved by FDA in June 2022 for the treating severe alopecia areata in adults.JAK inhibitors block the intracellular delivery of cytokines through the JAK-STAT pathway,resulting in the inhibition of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines and may also act directly on hair follicle epithelial cells to promote the entry of the hair follicle cycle into the anagen phase.JAK inhibitors represent novel therapeutic options for patients with alopecia areata who are in severe phase,exhibiting resistance to corticosteroid therapy,or presenting with concurrent other immune disorders.This paper aims to provide a comprehensive elucidation of the mechanism of action underlying JAK inhibitors and present an overview of their current utilization in oral and topical treatments for both adult and pediatric populations affected by alopecia areata.

关 键 词：斑秃 Janus激酶抑制剂 毛发疾病 

分 类 号：R758.71[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]