网络意见领袖助推下的历史虚无主义渗透:成因分析、内在机制及应对之道  

The infiltration of historical nihilism under the help of network opinion leaders:Explanation of the causes,multidimensional approach and countermeasures

作　　者：周维秀 宋小红[1] ZHOU Weixiu;SONG Xiaohong(School of Marxism,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学马克思主义学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期37-46,共10页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目:新时代推进马克思主义学习型政党建设研究(22ZDA036)。

摘　　要：近年来,历史虚无主义在各界的批驳声中似乎已经偃旗息鼓,但其传播动向发生了由现实向虚拟、由显性向隐性的转变。历史虚无主义以新型网络技术构建的智能媒体平台为渗透环境,以网络意见领袖的助推为渗透渠道,凭借花式伪装渗入不同的网民群体,荼害民众的历史认知。这使人难以觉知,疏于提防,因此其危害性更胜以往,对意识形态工作提出了新挑战,故有必要在剖析成因与进路的基础上进行有针对性的治理。论及历史虚无主义思潮与网络意见领袖合流的原因,舆论热点与现实利益相勾连为其渗透提供了耦合契机,网络技术监管层面的缺失、网络主体价值引领的缺乏进一步助长了渗透行为,网络意见领袖道德匮乏和素养局限导致的失范行径则在一定程度上发挥了“催化剂”的作用。在实践进路上,网络意见领袖主要凭借其在话语引导力、话语解释力以及话语影响力等方面的优势,助推历史虚无主义跨层向外扩散、歪曲历史事实以及诱发意识形态风险。对此,应当通过揭批错误思潮的谬论与宣传主流文化的观念铸牢民众的思想基础,通过培育复合型的意见领袖人才与组建主流的意见领袖队伍强化意识形态工作的主导权,通过培育网民的媒介素养与加强网络平台的监治清理网络空间,综合施策应对“合流”乱象,还网络空间一片天朗气清。In recent years,historical nihilism has died down in the criticism of all circles,and its spreading trend has changed from reality to virtual,from explicit to recessive.Historical nihilism takes the intelligent media platform built by new network technology as the infiltration environment,and the help of network opinion leaders as the infiltration channel,and penetrates into different Internet users by means of colorful disguises,thus damaging people’s historical cognition.It is difficult for people to be aware of this exercise,and they are careless to guard against it,so the harm is more than ever,and it poses new challenges for ideological work.It is necessary to conduct targeted governance on the basis of analyzing the causes and approaches.As for the reasons for the convergence of historical nihilism and network opinion leaders,the connection of public opinion hotspots and real interests provides a coupling opportunity for penetration.The lack of network technology supervision and the lack of value guidance of network subjects further promote penetration behavior.The misbehavior of network opinion leaders caused by lack of morality and limitation of accomplishment plays the role of“catalyst”to a certain extent.In practice,network opinion leaders mainly promote the cross-layer diffusion of historical nihilism,distort historical facts and induce ideological risks through their advantages in discourse guiding power,discourse explaining power and discourse influence.In this regard,the ideological foundation of the people should be firmly established by exposing the fallacies of wrong thoughts and propagating the concepts of mainstream culture,the dominance of ideological work should be strengthened by cultivating composite talents of opinion leaders and building a mainstream team of opinion leaders,and the Internet space should be cleared by cultivating the media literacy of netizens and strictly enforcing the supervision and control of online platforms.We have taken comprehensive measures to respond to the

关 键 词：历史虚无主义 网络意见领袖 意识形态安全 

分 类 号：D64[政治法律—政治学] C913[政治法律—中外政治制度]