技术赋能加密数字货币穿透式监管的路径研究  

Research on the path of technology-enabled penetrating regulationof cryptocurrency

作　　者：杨东[1] 李暖 YANG Dong;LI Nuan(Metaverse Research Center,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学元宇宙研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期60-69,共10页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题:加密数字货币监管技术体系架构(2022YFB2702401)。

摘　　要：进入数字化时代后,区块链技术及其衍生的加密数字货币正逐渐成为金融领域的一大革新产物。以区块链为底层技术的加密数字货币具有去中心化、匿名性、生态自治等特点,不仅为金融交易提供了新的模式,也给现行的金融监管体系带来了前所未有的冲击和挑战:监管架构缺失、基础设施不足以及监管手段落后等问题逐渐暴露,给投资者带来了潜在风险,也对全球金融市场的稳定发展构成了威胁。在当前全球经济格局下,打破美国经济霸权、推动经济多元化和全球化的呼声日益高涨,传统“一刀切”的监管政策已经无法满足现实需求,因而需要寻找更加有效的创新性监管方式,以适应加密数字货币的发展。为此,可构建基于区块链技术的穿透式监管体系,遵循“基于一项技术核心、面向两类监管对象、坚持三项基本原则”的基本框架,其中技术核心指区块链、人工智能等新兴技术,监管对象包括参与主体与交易平台,基本原则分别为全面覆盖原则、风险为本原则以及技术驱动原则。在具体实施路径上,根据加密数字货币的流通性与接受度进行分层分类,引入链上实体发现、画像与异常交易发现以及异常交易追踪等技术手段,建立全球性的区块链监管网络平台,从而实现更加精细和高效的监管,确保加密数字货币市场的安全发展,为经济的全球化和数字化转型提供有力支持,推动数字经济发展迈上新台阶,为全球经济增长注入新活力。In the digital era,blockchain technology and its derivative,cryptocurrency,have gradually become a major innovation in the financial sector.Cryptocurrencies,which are based on decentralized blockchain technology,exhibit characteristics such as decentralization,anonymity,and ecosystem autonomy.While these features offer new models for financial transactions,they also pose unprecedented challenges to the existing financial regulatory systems.Issues such as regulatory framework deficiencies,inadequate infrastructure,and outdated regulatory tools have become increasingly apparent,posing potential risks to investors and threatening the stable development of global financial markets.In the current global economic landscape,there is growing demand to counter U.S.economic hegemony and promote economic diversification and globalization.Traditional“one-size-fits-all”regulatory policies can no longer meet the demands of reality,thus necessitating more innovative regulatory approaches to keep pace with cryptocurrency development.In response,a penetrative regulatory system based on blockchain technology can be constructed,following the basic framework of“one technology core,two regulatory targets,and three fundamental principles”.The technological core includes emerging technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence,while the regulatory targets are the participating entities and trading platforms.The three fundamental principles are comprehensive coverage,risk-based regulation,and technology-driven oversight.In terms of specific implementation,regulation can be stratified and categorized according to the liquidity and acceptance of cryptocurrency.Technologies such as on-chain entity discovery and profiling,abnormal transaction detection,and anomaly tracking can be introduced to build a global blockchain regulatory network platform.This will enable more precise and efficient regulation,ensuring the safe development of the cryptocurrency market.It will also provide strong support for the globalization and digi

关 键 词：监管科技 共票理论 穿透式监管 数字货币 

分 类 号：D922.28[政治法律—经济法学]