国民党军队撤离新疆始末研究  

Study on the Withdrawal of Kuomintang Troops from Xinjiang

作　　者：钱骋阳 冯建勇 QIAN Cheng-yang;FENG Jian-yong

机构地区：[1]四川大学,四川成都610065 [2]浙江师范大学,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2024年第3期210-221,共12页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：中国历史研究院“兰台青年学者计划”项目资助;国家社科基金重点项目(批准号:19AZD032)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1949年夏,人民解放军第一野战军向西北五省国统区发起“大进军”,随着陕、甘、宁、青四省解放,孤悬塞外的新疆局势亦风起云涌:一方面,对国民党当局失去信心的美国政府希冀经营新疆为抵御共产主义阵营南下印度之最后堡垒,故对新疆采取种种渗透和颠覆活动;另一方面,国民党军方高层或认为与中共仍未决胜负,遂打起“内调”新疆驻军参战的算盘。新疆的十万驻军不仅是可以支援战局的机动力量,也是在险恶的外部环境下保全领土的关键因素。在“保全国土”与“戡平内乱”的纠结中,国民党决策部门与地方军政当局就新疆驻军及国民党上层派驻新疆人员何去何从的问题展开了一系列争论,最后作出“起义”和“撤退”两种相对和平的选择,这也为新疆的和平解放创造了条件。In the summer of 1949,the First Field Army of the PLA la marched to the Kuomintang-controlled areas of the five northwestern provinces.With the change of ownership in the four provinces of Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia,and Qinghai,the situation in Xinjiang,which was isolated outside the Great Wall,was also surging.On the one hand,The U.S.government,which has lost confidence of KMT government,hopes to manage Xinjiang as the last bastion against the communist camp going south to India,so it has adopted various infiltration and subversive activities in Xinjiang;on the other hand,the KMT’s military officials may believe that the victory for the CPC is still undecided,so they plan to“internalize”the Xinjiang garrison to join the war.However,the 100,000 army in Xinjiang are not only a mobile force for the military to support the war situation,but also a key factor for maintaining territorial security in a hostile external environment.Therefore,in the entanglement of"protecting the country's territory"and"putting down civil strife",the central government and the local authorities in Xinjiang launched a series of debates on the whereabouts of the local garrison and major government personnel.This includes the strife and disagreement between various departments of the central government,between the central government and the local government of Xinjiang,and among the military generals on the issue of"internal transfer"of the army,and after the traffic was cut off,the military and political officials in Xinjiang,Under the principle of"Xinjiang will not be divided by outsiders",there are various twists and turns when accepting the CPC's adaptation of"power-on and flag change"and peaceful withdrawal from Xinjiang.

关 键 词：国民党军队 新疆 内调 撤退 和平解放 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]