中小企业规则成为国际贸易中的阿喀琉斯之踵——以国际贸易协定中小企业条款为视角  

MSMEs Rules Become Achilles Heel:From the Perspective of International Trade Agreements and China’s Approach

作　　者：张丽英[1] 王瑞亨 ZHANG Liying;WANG Ruiheng

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学国际法学院

出　　处：《经贸法律评论》2024年第5期53-70,共18页Business and Economic Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金专项课题项目“‘一带一路’国际合作框架机制设计”(项目批准号:18VSJ050)。

摘　　要：中小企业模式的灵活机制与市场适应性强的特点,能够在促进经济增长、增加就业和稳定市场环境中起到助推作用。但因单个企业规模小、应对风险能力差等自身缺陷,各国普遍对中小企业的发展采取支持和保护的引导政策,各类贸易协定关于中小企业议题也以专门章节或者模块的方式出现在协定文本中。因国内中小企业扶持政策与国际规则相比,较为羸弱,公私企业的不平衡发展问题也成为中国加入各类贸易协定的一大阻碍。在厘清中小企业规则国际演变趋势的基础上,应当更新国家行业产业链和供应链思路,形成“双中性”原则思维,可以一方面制定并推动资金、贸易与信息互融“三位一体”的国内扶持体系;另一方面在参与国际事务过程中,主动构建区域经济中小企业交流合作模式,提供中国市场经济观与企业价值观,为国家经济平稳转型营造良好营商环境。The flexibility and market adaptability of the MSMEs can play a catalytic role in promoting economic growth,increasing employment,and stabilizing the market environment.However,due to the small size of individual enterprises and their poor ability to cope with risks and other shortcomings,countries have generally adopted supportive and protective policies for the development of MSMEs,and the topic of MSMEs in various trade agreements has appeared in the texts of the agreements in the form of special chapters or modules.Since the domestic policy is relatively weak compared with international rules,the unbalanced development of enterprises has become a major obstacle to China’s accession to agreements.On the basis of clarifying the international evolution trend of MSME rules,update the idea of national industry chain and supply chain,form a double“neutral”principle,so as to formulate and promote the“trinity”domestic support system of mutual integration of capital,trade and information platform on the one hand,and on the other hand,in the process of participating in international affairs,take the initiative to build a model of exchange and cooperation for regional economic MSMEs and export China’s market economy and enterprise values to the world,and create a favorable business environment for the smooth transformation of the national economy.

关 键 词：国际贸易协定 中小企业规则 经济转型 竞争中性 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学]