高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练对肥胖男大学生血管内皮功能和血流剪切力的影响  

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Vascular Endothelial Function and Wall Shear Stress in Obese Male College Students

作　　者：时文霞 谢军[2] 何玉凤 李旭龙[4] 唐东辉[1] SHI Wenxia;XIE Jun;HE Yufeng;LI Xulong;TANG Donghui(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China;Nanfang College Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510970,China;Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学,北京100875 [2]首都体育学院,北京100191 [3]广州南方学院,广东广州510970 [4]青岛理工大学,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2024年第7期3-11,78,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71874017)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(moderate-intensity continuous training,MICT)对肥胖男大学生血管内皮功能和血流剪切力的影响及其可能机制。方法:将52名18~22岁、BMI≥30 kg·m^(-2)的肥胖男大学生分为HIIT组(n=21)、MICT组(n=22)和CON组(n=9),对HIIT组(运动强度为80%~95%HRmax)和MICT组(运动强度为60%~70%HRmax)进行为期8周的运动干预。测定运动前、后受试者身体形态、身体机能、血脂、血管内皮功能和血流动力学指标。采用Endo PAT-2000系统测试指端反应性充血指数(reactivity hyperemia index,RHI);采用彩色多普勒超声诊断技术测定受试者运动前、后血管管径(vascular diameter,VD)、血流速度(blood flow velocity,BFV)和血流剪切力(wall shear stress,WSS)等血流动力学指标。结果:与运动前相比,8周HIIT和MICT显著改善肥胖男大学生身体形态指标(P<0.01),但HIIT组与MICT组组间差异不显著(P>0.05);运动后,HIIT组和MICT组RHI显著高于CON组(P<0.01),HIIT组比MICT组高0.223,但未达到显著性水平(P>0.05)。与运动前相比,HIIT组和MICT组WSS和BFV均显著增大(P<0.01),CON组无显著性变化(P>0.05);HIIT组和MICT组组间差异不显著(P>0.05),但HIIT组和MICT组WSS和BFV均显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。与运动前相比,HIIT组和MICT组VD无显著变化(P>0.05),CON组VD有上升趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05),HIIT组与MICT组组间差异也不显著(P>0.05)。运动前、后WSS的变化程度与RHI(r=0.541,P<0.001)、BFV(r=0.957,P<0.001)的变化程度呈显著正相关,与LDL(r=-0.322,P<0.05)、VD(r=-0.399,P<0.05)的变化程度呈显著负相关。结论:1)8周HIIT和MICT均能够有效改善肥胖男大学生身体形态、血管内皮功能及血流动力学相关参数。2)HIIT和MICT提高肥胖男大学生血管内皮功能的相关机制,可能与HIIT和MICT后WSS的增加有关。3)HIIT改善血管内皮功能,可能与高WSS降低LDL浓度有关。Objective:To explore the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)on vascular endothelial function and wall shear stress in obese male college students and its possible mechanism.Methods:Fifty-two obese male college students aged 18 to 22 years with BMI≥30 kg·m^(-2) were divided into 3 groups:HIIT group(n=21),MICT group(n=22),and CON group(n=9).The HIIT group(exercise intensity:80%~95%HRmax)and MICT group(exercise intensity:60%~70%HRmax)received an eight-week exercise intervention.Body shape,body function,blood lipids,vascular endothelial function and hemodynamics were measured before and after exercise.The EndoPAT-2000 system was used to detect the fingertip reactive hyperemia index(RHI)before and after intervention;the color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic technology was used to test the vessel diameter(VD),blood flow velocity(BFV),and wall shear stress(WSS)before and after the intervention.Meanwhile,the body shape,blood pressure,heart rate,and blood lipid parameters were measured.Results:Compared with before exercise,after eight weeks intervention,body shape index,blood pressure,and heart rate in HIIT group and MICT group were significantly improved(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference between HIIT group and MICT group(P>0.05);after exercise,the RHI in HIIT group and MICT group were significantly higher than CON group(P<0.01),the RHI in HIIT group was 0.223 higher than MICT group,but there was no significant difference between two exercise groups(P>0.05).Compared with before exercise,the WSS and BFV in HIIT group and MICT group increased significantly(P<0.01),while there was no significant difference in the CON group(P>0.05);the WSS and BFV had no significant difference between the HIIT group and MICT group(P>0.05),but the WSS and BFV in HIIT group and MICT group were significantly higher than CON group(P<0.05).Compared with before exercise,the VD did not change significantly between HIIT group and MICT group(P>0.05),and the VD in CON group ha

关 键 词：高强度间歇训练 中等强度持续训练 肥胖男大学生 血管内皮功能 血流剪切力 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]