基于光电传感的小动物主动运动行为评价及运动动机的神经机制研究  

Evaluation on Active Exercise Behavior of Small Animal Based on Photoelectric Sensors and Research on Neuromodulation Involved in Exercise Motivation

作　　者：赵旭东 薛亦飞 王华林 范益铭 毛兰群 侯莉娟[1] ZHAO Xudong;XUE Yifei;WANG Hualin;FAN Yiming;MAO Lanqun;HOU Lijuan(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2024年第7期48-56,共9页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(22134002)。

摘　　要：目的:构建小鼠主动运动行为量化评价系统,为运动与主动健康机制研究、慢病运动干预搭建平台,并通过在体实时采集主动运动不同阶段的脑电信号,探讨运动动机的神经调控机制。方法:1)构建基于光电传感的主动运动多模态系统(voluntary exercise multimodal system, VEMS),包括基于霍尔传感电信号的运动行为采集系统和基于机器视觉的运动轨迹分析系统;2)以C57BL/6小鼠为研究对象,应用VEMS系统记录小鼠主动运动行为并进行量化分析;3)结合在体多通道电生理记录技术采集小鼠主动运动不同阶段中脑腹侧被盖区(ventral tegmental area,VTA)神经元电活动,分析运动动机的神经编码特征。结果:1)VEMS系统可实现小鼠运动节律、运动距离、运动圈数、运动速度、运动时长和运动频次等行为数据的采集及量化分析;2)小鼠日运动时间主要集中在19:00—次日7:00,表现出较强的夜行节律,日运动距离最多可达15 km。每小时最大运动量出现在夜间1:00—2:00,运动圈数为0圈/10 min~170圈/10 min,每小时最大运动频次为23次,速度区间分布在0~12 m/min;3)在运动准备期、运动期及运动停止期,VTA神经元表现出不同的局部场单位(local field potentials,LFPs)特征信号,与运动停止期相比,运动准备期和运动期LFPs信号的θ频段(4~8 Hz)功率谱密度显著升高(P<0.001),且振荡显著增强(P<0.001);4)研究记录到59个对运动特异性响应的多巴胺(dopamine,DA)神经元,平均放电频率为(5.01±0.89) Hz,其中21%的DA神经元(Type-Ⅰ)在运动准备期高频放电,42%的DA神经元(Type-Ⅱ)在运动期有较强放电活动,37%(Type-Ⅲ)在运动停止后放电活动增多(P<0.001)。结论:1)本研究首次创建了VEMS系统,该系统能够对小鼠的主动运动行为进行多维度采集与量化评价分析,不仅为后期精准运动处方制定提供参考模型,还为运动神经科学的研究提供在体实时脑信号采集平台;2)小�Objective:To establish a quantitative evaluation system for mouse active exercise behavior,aiming to facilitate research on the mechanisms underlying exercise and proactive health effects.By conducting in vivo,real-time acquisition of electrical signals across diverse phases of active exercise,we will investigate the neural mechanisms that regulate motivation for active exercise,thereby constructing a platform for exercise intervention in chronic disease models.Methods:1)voluntary exercise multimodal system(VEMS)based on photoelectric sensing was developed;2)C57BL/6 mice were used to record the active exercise based on VEMS and consequently with quantitatively analyze;3)in vivo multi-channel electrophysiological recording techniques were selected to record neuron activities in ventral tegmental area(VTA)during different phases of active exercise,analyze neural coding characteristics associated with behaviors.Results:1)VEMS can effectively collect and precisely quantified various behavioral data from mice,including locomotor rhythm,distance,round,speed,duration,and frequency;2)mice displayed a pronounced nocturnal locomotor pattern,with daily activity concentrated between 19:00 pm to 7:00 am,the maximum daily exercise distance can reach up to 15 km.Peak activity occurred between 1:00 am to 2:00 am,the number of rounds is 0 round/10 min—170 rounds/10 min,with the maximum daily exercise frequency of 23 times,and the speed range is distributed between 0—12 m/min;3)different local field potentials(LFPs)signal was observed in the VTA during the preparatory,exercise,and finished phase of active exercise.Compared to the cessation phase,the theta band(4—8 Hz)power spectral density and oscillation were significantly increased in the preparatory and exercise period(P<0.001);4)a total of 59 dopamine(DA)neurons specifically responsive to active exercise were analyzed,with the average firing frequency is(5.01±0.89)Hz.Among these neurons,21%DA neurons(Type-Ⅰ)exhibits high-frequency firing during the preparatory,42%DA n

关 键 词：主动运动 运动动机 光电传感 在体多通道电生理 VTA神经元 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]