基于带外实时校准的多通道通信系统设计  

Design of multi-channel communication system based on out-of-band real-time calibration

作　　者：戚胜宇 马钰博 武杰[1,2] Qi Shengyu;Ma Yubo;Wu Jie(State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Department of Modern Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学核探测与核电子学国家重点实验实,合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学近代物理系,合肥230026

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2024年第11期1-12,共12页Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDC07020403);中国科学技术大学重大项目支持计划基金(KB2030040013)项目资助。

摘　　要：针对5G移动通信多天线波束成形的应用需求,本文设计并实现了一种多通道软件无线电通信系统,并基于该系统实现了宽带多通道多频点同步校准。为解决多通道同步误差随环境温度等因素漂移的问题,本文创新性地提出来一种基于带外校准信号的实时同步方案。该方案在OFDM通信的冗余带宽内插入校准信号来追踪多通道响应误差随时间漂移,并对带内有效信号进行补偿。在1 GHz频点下,系统通过实时校准方式有效补偿了系统温度变化带来的2.8℃相位响应误差漂移和0.2 dB的幅度响应误差漂移。经过初始化校准和实时校准后,在40℃~80℃的温度区间内相位误差控制在0.4℃以内,幅度响应误差控制在0.05 dB以内。该方案不仅能够实现更高的精度,而且对于用户端全透明,无需中断通信作业就可以进行校准,对于5G多通道同步设计具有重要的参考意义。To meet the application requirements of multi-antenna beamforming in 5G mobile communications,this paper designs and implements a multi-channel Software Defined Radio(SDR)communication system,and based on this system,achieves broadband multi-channel multi-frequency point synchronization calibration.To address the issue of multi-channel synchronization drift due to environmental factors such as temperature,this paper innovatively proposes a real-time synchronization scheme based on out-of-band calibration signals.This scheme inserts calibration signals into the redundant bandwidth of OFDM communications to track the drift of multi-channel response errors over time and compensates for the in-band effective signals.At the 1 GHz frequency point,the system effectively compensates for the phase response error drift of 2.8℃and amplitude response error drift of 0.2 dB caused by temperature variations through real-time calibration.After initialization calibration and real-time calibration,the phase error is controlled within 0.4℃,and the amplitude response error is controlled within 0.05 dB in the temperature range of 40 to 80℃.This scheme not only achieves higher precision but is also completely transparent to the end user,allowing calibration without interrupting communication operations,making it highly significant for the design of 5G multi-channel synchronization.

关 键 词：通信终端 多通道同步 AD9361 FPGA 带外实时校准 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]