无患子实生群体果用优树选择研究  

Study on the Selection of Superior Fruit-bearing Trees in the Seedling Population of Sapindus mukorossi

作　　者：林韧安 李永祥 孙昆 黄爱云 章海英 李远荣 张伊涵 林子琪 宫莉霞 邵文豪[3] LIN Renan;LI Yongxiang;SUN Kun;HUANG Aiyun;ZHANG Haiying;LI Yuanrong;ZHANG Yihan;LIN Ziqi;GONG Lixia;SHAO Wenhao(Yueqing Natural Resources Comprehensive Service Center,Yueqing 325600,China;Research Institute of Forestry,CAF,Beijing 100080,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,CAF,Hangzhou 311400,China)

机构地区：[1]乐清市自然资源综合服务中心,浙江乐清325600 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100080 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2024年第5期105-111,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省农业(林木)新品种选育重大科技专项子课题(2021C02070-3-3);国家科技基础资源调查专项子课题(2019FY100803-02)。

摘　　要：以无患子Sapindus mukorossi实生群体116个单株为研究对象,采用主成分分析法,从样本相关矩阵出发,通过分析单株生长及产量、种实表型及内含物含量等18个性状变异,筛选不同利用目标的果用无患子优良单株类型。结果表明,无患子单株皂苷、油脂含量等经济性状变异系数大于种实表型等性状。根据性状累积方差贡献率大于80%的选择标准,确定了5个果用经济性状的主成分(特征值大于1),分别为果实质量、果皮质量、种仁油脂含量、果皮皂苷含量以及单株果实产量,其相应贡献率分别为24.834%,19.624%,14.104%,11.887%和9.292%。基于各主成分的向量模型计算重要主成分值,按5%的入选率分别筛选出高产型、高产高油脂型、高产高皂苷型和综合型优树各6株,其主成分得分值的现实增益为223%~311%,可望在栽培应用中表现出显著的生产潜力。The study focuses on 116 individual trees of Sapindus mukorossi using principal component analysis(PCA).Starting from the sample correlation matrix,the analysis examines variations in 18 traits,including individual tree growth,yield,fruit phenotype,and internal compound content,to select superior tree types of S.mukorossi suitable for different uses.The results show that the coefficient of variation for economic traits such as saponin and oil yield of individual S.mukorossi trees exceeds that of traits like fruit phenotype.Based on the selection criterion that the cumulative contribution rate of trait variance is greater than 80%,five main components of economic traits for fruit use were identified(with eigenvalues greater than 1),namely fruit weight,fruit peel weight,kernel oil content,fruit peel saponin content,and individual tree fruit yield,contributing 24.834%,19.624%,14.104%,11.887%,and 9.292%,respectively.Significant principal component values were calculated using the vector model of each principal component.With a selection rate of 5%,six plus trees were identified for each type:high-yield type,high-yield and high-oil type,high-yield and high-saponin type,and comprehensive type.The practical increase in major component values ranged between 223%and 311%,indicating significant production potential in cultivation applications.

关 键 词：无患子 经济性状 主成分分析 优良单株选择 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]