大豆玉米带状复合种植对宁夏灌区玉米物质生产与分配的影响  

Effects of Soybean-Maize Belt Compound Planting on Maize Matter Production and Distribution in Ningxia Irrigation Area

作　　者：李振明 向峰 金鑫[4] 金龙[4] 哈东兴 朱志明 马晓民 赵如浪[1] 王永宏[1] LI Zhenming;XIANG Feng;JIN Xin;JIN Long;HA Dongxing;ZHU Zhiming;MA Xiaomin;ZHAO Rulang;WANG Yonghong(Institute of Agricultural Crops Research,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750105,Ningxia,China;Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Jinzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinzhou 121017,Liaoning,China;Tongxin County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Tongxin 751399,Ningxia,China;Qingtongxia Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Qingtongxia 751600,Ningxia,China;Ningxia General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension,Yinchuan 750001,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,银川750105 [2]宁夏大学,银川750021 [3]辽宁省锦州市农业科学院,辽宁锦州121017 [4]同心县农业技术推广服务中心,宁夏同心751399 [5]青铜峡市农业技术推广服务中心,宁夏青铜峡751600 [6]宁夏农业技术推广总站,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《农学学报》2024年第9期1-5,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：宁夏重点研发资助项目“宁夏玉米大豆带状复合高效种植关键技术研究与示范推广”(2022BBF02038)。

摘　　要：本研究探讨了位于宁夏灌区的大豆玉米带状复合种植模式对玉米物质生产与分配的影响。试验涉及4种在当地示范种植的带状复合种植模式:大豆玉米S3:M2、S4:M2、S3:M4、S4:M4,对照为单作玉米(M)。玉米供试品种为‘先玉1225’,大豆供试品种为‘中黄30’,玉米种植密度8.25万株/hm2,大豆种植密度15万株/hm2。结果显示,相较于单作玉米,带状复合种植模式下,玉米成熟期单株干物质减少了7.9%~30.4%,S3:M4影响最小,S4:M2影响最大;成熟期干物质总量减少了4.3%~42.7%。成熟期雌穗干物质分配减少0.5%~40.5%,S3:M4影响最小,S4:M2影响最大。玉米产量减产25.1%~41.4%,收获有效穗数减少4.2%~14.9%,千粒重减少0.5%~3.6%,单穗粒数减少5.2%~10.8%。综上所述,大豆玉米带状复合种植模式相较于单种玉米,雌穗的干物质减少,在吐丝期雌穗干物质积累开始减少,产量降低。这些发现对于优化大豆玉米带状复合种植模式在农业生产上的应用具有重要的实践意义。To study the effect of banded composite planting pattern on maize material production and distribution in Ningxia irrigation area.This study explored the impact of the soybean-corn strip compound planting model located in the Ningxia irrigated area on the production and distribution of corn matter.Four kinds of strip composite planting patterns demonstrated and planted in Ningxia were selected for the experiment,soybean-corn S3:M2,S4:M2,S3:M4,S4:M4,with the control being monoculture corn(M).The maize test varieties was‘Xianyu 1225’,the soybean varieties for test was‘Zhonghuang 30’,the maize planting density was 82500 plants/hm^(2),and the soybean planting density was 150000 plants/hm^(2).The test results showed that compared with monoculture corn,the dry matter of corn planted in strip composite planting at maturity was reduced by 7.9%-30.4%per plant,with the smallest effect of S3:M4 and the largest effect of S4:M2;the total dry matter at maturity was reduced by 4.3%-42.7%.The dry matter allocation of female ears at maturity was reduced by 0.5%to 40.5%,with S3:M4 having the smallest effect and S4:M2 having the largest effect.Corn yield was reduced by 25.1%to 41.4%,the number of ears harvested decreased by 4.2%to 14.9%,thousand kernel weights decreased by 0.5%to 3.6%,and the number of grains per ear decreased by 5.2%to 10.8%.Soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern had less dry matter in the female ears than corn alone,and the accumulation of dry matter in the female ears at the spatula stage began to decrease,and the yield was reduced.

关 键 词：大豆玉米 带状复合种植 物质生产 物质分配 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]