黄河三角洲海岸线提取及其近期时空变化格局  

Coastline Extraction and its Recent Spatiotemporal Variations in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：韩沙沙 谈广鸣[2] 赵连军[1] 王静雯 王现春 HAN Sha-sha;TAN Guang-ming;ZHAO Lian-jun;WANG Jing-wen;WANG Xian-chun(Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Channel and Estuary Regulation,Ministry of Water Resources,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,Henan Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;Kaifeng Yellow River Administration Bureau,Kaifeng 475002,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄河下游河道与河口治理重点实验室,河南郑州450003 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]开封黄河河务局第一黄河河务局,河南开封475002

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第10期81-85,95,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题项目(2023YFC3206202);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52109086);国家自然科学基金黄河水科学研究联合基金项目(U2243219);黄河水利科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(HKY-JBYW-2022-03)。

摘　　要：新入海水沙情势下,黄河三角洲海岸线变迁也相应呈现出新的特征。考虑不同潮位、水体计算指数、涨落潮阶段对海岸线提取效果的影响,利用ArcGIS、ENVI提取了黄河三角洲海岸线,并借助DSAS数字化海岸线分析系统,定量分析了1976-2020年黄河口海岸线变迁特征。研究发现,选择潮位相近、同处落潮阶段且成像质量较好的遥感图,并采用改进的归一化差异水体指数MNDWI计算,黄河三角洲海岸线的提取效果较好。黄河三角洲海岸线变化表现出明显的时空性,神仙沟-刁口河叶瓣1976年以来海岸线基本处于蚀退状态;东营港至孤东油田海岸线自1990年在人工海堤的防护下维持稳定;入海口附近海岸线的蚀退和淤进与陆向来沙量直接相关,陆向来沙充足时呈淤进趋势,反之则冲蚀后退,同时其也受河口改道、海洋动力等其他因素影响。研究可为未来黄河口综合治理规划提供一定参考。The coastline of the Yellow River Delta has undergone significant alterations due to fluctuations in fluvial water and sediment conditions.To analyze changes in the coastline of the Yellow River Delta from 1976 to 2020,this study considered the effects of various factors,such as tide levels,water calculation indices,and high and low tide stages on coastline extraction.Coastlines were extracted utilizing tools like ArcGIS and ENVI,and the Digital Shoreline Analysis System was used to quantify the coastline characteristics.The study found that selecting remote sensing images with good imaging quality and similar tide levels during the ebb phase,along with the use of the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index for calculation,resulted in higher accuracy in coastline extraction.Based on the extracted coastline data,it was found that the coastline of the Yellow River Delta has undergone spatio-temporal variations.The Shenxiangou-Diaokouhe lobe coastline has been eroding since 1976,while the coastline from Dongying port to Gudong oilfield has remained stable since the 1990s due to an artificial seawall for protection.The changes in the coastline near the estuary were found to be related to the amount of fluvial sediment.When there was enough sediment,the coastline tended to accumulate or deposit,while it eroded and retreated when there wasn't enough sediment.Other factors,such as deltaic channel avulsions and oceanic dynamics,also had an impact on the coastline of the Yellow River Delta.The findings of this study can serve as valuable guidance for future comprehensive management planning of the Yellow River Delta.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 海岸线提取 海岸线变迁 来沙量 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]