基于改进DRASTIC模型的莒县地下水脆弱性评价  

Groundwater Vulnerability Evaluation of Juxian County Based on Improved DRASTIC Model

作　　者：张可嘉 何贵成 陈学群[1,3] 姜欣 范明元 王开然[1,3] ZHANG Ke-jia;HE Gui-cheng;CHEN Xue-qun;JIANG Xin;FAN Ming-yuan;WANG Kai-ran(Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province,Jinan 250014,Shandong Province,China;School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 100083,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment,Jinan 250014,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省水利科学研究院,山东济南250014 [2]华北电力大学水利与水电工程学院,北京100083 [3]山东省水资源与水环境重点实验室,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第10期96-103,111,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：山东省水利科学研究院自选课题项目(SDSKYZX202121-1);山东省地下水环境保护与修复工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(801KF2022-3)。

摘　　要：对传统的DRASTIC模型进行了修改,将包气带介质类型(I)、含水层水力传导系数(C)替换为土地利用类型(L)和地下水水质(Z)两项指标,提出了DRASTLZ模型,以更好地评估地下水系统对污染的敏感程度。首先建立DRASTLZ模型评分体系,赋予7个影响指标不同的权重,采用ArcGIS平台,对搜集到的数据进行处理和统计分析,分别建立地下水位埋深(D)、地下水净补给量(R)、含水层介质(A)、土壤介质(S)、地面坡度(T)、土地利用类型(L)和地下水水质(Z)7个评价指标的评分图,然后对7个图层进行叠加,按照所分配的权重进行计算,得出莒县地下水脆弱性综合指数值,并通过自然间断点分级法划分为低脆弱性、较低脆弱性、中等脆弱性、较高脆弱性、高脆弱性区5个分区,最终完成莒县地下水脆弱性评价。计算结果表明:莒县地下水脆弱性总体水平偏高,地下水较高脆弱区占比最大,约38%,地下水中等脆弱性区和高脆弱性区占比较大,分别为36%和15%,地下水较低脆弱性区和地下水低脆弱性区占比较小,分别为10%和1%。地下水脆弱性评价结果与水质取样点的超标情况呈现正相关性,这表明在莒县地区,构建的DRASTLZ评价模型具有较高的适用性,其评价结果贴近实际情况。DRASTLZ模型的成功应用,为将来类似区域的地下水脆弱性评价研究提供了有益的经验和指导。A modified DRASTIC model,named DRASTLZ,has been proposed to better assess the sensitivity of groundwater systems to pollution by replacing the vadose zone media type(I)and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer(C)with land use type(L)and groundwater quality(Z)indicators.First,a scoring system for the DRASTLZ model was established,assigning different weights to seven influencing fac tors.Using the ArcGIS platform,collected data were processed and statistically analyzed.Evaluation score maps were constructed for seven assessment indicators:groundwater depth(D),net recharge of groundwater(R),aquifer media(A),soil media(S),surface slope(T),land use type(L),and groundwater quality(Z).These maps were then overlaid,and the composite vulnerability index of Juxian County was calculated according to the assigned weights.The natural breaks classification method was employed to divide the area into five vulnerability zones:low vulnerability,relatively low vulnerability,moderate vulnerability,relatively high vulnerability,and high vulnerability.The groundwater vulnerability assessment for Juxian County was thereby completed.The calculated results indicate that the overall vulnerability of groundwater in Juxian County is relatively high,with the highest proportion(approximately 38%)falling in the high vulnerability zone,followed by moderate vulnerability(36%)and high vulnerability(15%)zones.The proportions of relatively low and low vulnerability zones are smaller,accounting for 10%and 1%,respectively.There is a positive correlation between groundwater vulnerability assessment results and the exceedance of water quality sampling points,suggesting the applicability of the developed DRASTLZ model in Juxian County closely reflects actual conditions.The successful application of the DRASTLZ model provides valuable experience and guidance for future groundwater vulnerability assessment studies in similar regions.

关 键 词：莒县 地下水脆弱性评价 DRASTLZ模型 ARCGIS 

分 类 号：TV211.12[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]