拱坝体形参数化设计与体形智能优化研究  

Research on Shape Parametric Design and Intelligent Shape Optimization of Arch Dam

作　　者：赵一林 刘睿[2] 孔凡辉 马刚[1,2] 田文祥[1] 常晓林[1,2] ZHAO Yi-lin;LIU Rui;KONG Fan-hui;MA Gang;TIAN Wen-xiang;CHANG Xiao-lin(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;Institute of Water Engineering Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Company Limited,Wuhan 430010,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水工程科学研究院,湖北武汉430072 [3]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第10期218-226,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题项目(2022YFC3005504);国家自然科学基金项目(U2040223)。

摘　　要：拱坝体形设计需考虑多个复杂因素,如坝址河谷形状、工程地质条件、区域地震烈度、枢纽布置和泄洪方式等,是一个典型的复杂优化问题。提出了一种通用的拱坝体形参数化设计方法,可统一描述抛物线、双曲线等各类形式的拱坝。采用固定拱端位置,调整拱冠梁位置、形状、拱厚等来驱动拱坝体形变化,实现拱坝自动化建模和有限元应力变形计算。将拱坝体积最小作为优化目标,在几何、应力、稳定等约束下,进行拱坝体形智能优化。采用该方法进行某高拱坝的体形优化,优化效率高、优化效果明显,优化体形的拱坝坝体应力、建基面等效应力等均满足规范要求,柔度系数和应力水平也符合经验建议指标。The shape design of arch dams requires consideration of multiple complex factors,such as the shape of the valley at the dam site,engineering geological conditions,regional seismic intensity,hub layout,and flood discharge methods.Therefore,the shape design of arch dams is a typical complex optimization problem.In this paper,a general parametric design method of arch dam shape is proposed,which can describe all kinds of arch dams such as parabola and hyperbola.By fixing the position of the arch end and adjusting the position,shape,and thickness of the arch crown beam to drive the shape change of the arch dam,automatic modeling and finite element stress deformation calculation of the arch dam are achieved.Taking the minimum volume of the arch dam as the optimization objective,intelligent optimization of the arch dam shape is carried out under constraints such as geometry,stress,and stability.Using this method to optimize the shape of a high arch dam,the optimization efficiency is high and the optimization effect is obvious.The stress of the optimized arch dam body and the equivalent stress of the foundation surface meet the requirements of the specifications,and the flexibility coefficient and stress level also meet the indicators recommended by experience.

关 键 词：拱坝体形 参数化设计 自动化建模 敏感性分析 智能优化 

分 类 号：TV642.42[水利工程—水利水电工程]