Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)和TiO_(2)(R)对LDPE复合材料阻燃性的影响及机理  

Effects and Mechanisms of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)and TiO_(2)(R)on the Flame Retardancy of LDPE Composites

作　　者：唐凯 蒋阳 谢于辉 谢德龙[1,2,3] TANG Kai;JIANG Yang;XIE Yuhui;XIE Delong(School of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Saving and New Materials in Phosphorus Chemical Industry of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymers,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省磷化工节能与新材料重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [3]云南省环境友好高分子国际联合实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第9期77-86,140,共11页China Plastics Industry

摘　　要：本文探讨了采用刻蚀法制备的碳化钛(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))和商用锐钛矿型二氧化钛[TiO_(2)(R)]作为阻燃添加剂对线型低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)阻燃性的影响及机理。结果表明,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)的添加使LDPE的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)降低了29.8%,烟释放速率(SPR)降低了34.2%,而TiO_(2)(R)虽然也提高了热稳定性,但其降低效果不如Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)显著。极限氧指数(LOI)测试结果表明,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)添加的LDPE的LOI提高了5%,达到18.7%,而添加质量分数8%TiO_(2)(R)的LDPE的LOI最高达到了19.7%。锥形量热测试进一步证实了Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)在阻燃方面的优越性,其添加使得LDPE的热释放总量(THR)降低了7.5%。相比之下,TiO_(2)(R)虽然提高了LDPE的热稳定性,但其对降低热释放速率和烟释放速率的效果不如Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)显著。热重-傅里叶红外光谱联用仪(TG-FTIR)的结果表明,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)和TiO_(2)(R)均未改变LDPE的热分解路径,但在凝聚相中,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)通过形成残炭层更有效地阻碍了燃烧过程。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和元素分析(EDS)显示Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)在燃烧后部分维持了其片层结构,表明其在催化成炭和物理屏障方面的双重作用。本研究突出了Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)作为新型阻燃剂在提高LDPE阻燃性方面的潜力,并为开发新型高效阻燃聚合物材料提供了科学依据。The effects of titanium carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))and commercial anatase titanium dioxide[TiO_(2)(R)]as flame retardant additives on the flame retardancy of linear low density polyethylene(LDPE)were investigated.The results show that the addition of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)reduces the peak heat release rate(PHRR)of LDPE by 29.8%and reduces the smoke release rate(SPR)by 34.2%.Although TiO_(2)(R)improves the thermal stability,but its reduction effects are less significant than those of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x).Limiting oxygen index(LOI)test results show that the LOI of LDPE added with Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)is increased by 5%to 18.7%,while the LOI of LDPE added with an 8%mass fraction TiO_(2)(R)is up to 19.7%.Cone calorimetry further confirms the superiority of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in flame retardancy,and its addition reduces the total heat release(THR)of LDPE by 7.5%.In contrast,although TiO_(2)(R)improves the thermal stability of LDPE,its effects on reducing the heat release rate and smoke release rate are less significant than those of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x).The results of thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(TG-FTIR)show that neither Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)nor TiO_(2)(R)changes the thermal decomposition paths of LDPE,but in the condensed phase,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)hinders the combustion process more effectively by forming a carbon residue layer.The scanning electron microscope(SEM)and elemental analysis(EDS)show that Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)partially maintains its lamellar structures after combustion,indicating its dual roles in catalytic carbonization and physical barrier.This study highlights the potential of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)as a new flame retardant to improve the flame retardancy of LDPE,and provides scientific bases for the developments of new high-efficiency flame retardant polymer materials.

关 键 词：低密度聚乙烯 碳化钛 阻燃改性复合材料 锐钛矿型二氧化钛 凝聚相阻燃机制 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]