浙江建德新发现柚类种质资源“脆甜柚”的初步评价  

Preliminary evaluation of Crisp Sweet Pomelo,a newly discovered germplasm resource in Jiande,Zhejiang

作　　者：华永刚 洪文英 吴燕君 金水丰 蒋宁飞 廖益民 叶青 HUA Yonggang;HONG Wenying;WU Yanjun;JIN Shuifeng;JIANG Ningfei;LIAO Yimin;YE Qing(Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310020,China;Jiande Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Jiande,Zhejiang,311600,China;Hangzhou Heyun Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co.Ltd.,Jiande,Zhejiang,311600,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省杭州市农技推广中心,杭州310020 [2]浙江省建德市农技推广中心,浙江建德311600 [3]杭州禾运农业科技开发有限公司,浙江建德311612

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第5期24-28,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：杭州市农业产业技术专家团队项目(202407TD06);杭州市财政专项“杭州地方特色种质资源提纯和保护”项目资助。

摘　　要：“脆甜柚”是在浙江省建德市新发现的一个柚类种质资源。为了解“脆甜柚”的特征特性和生产应用价值,按照柑桔种质资源描述规范的要求,在田间观察其植物学特征、生物学特性和抗逆性,采样测定果实可溶性固形物等品质指标,成熟采收期评估其丰产性。结果表明,“脆甜柚”能耐-5℃低温。叶片全缘,无波状锯齿,自交亲和,不需要授粉树和人工授粉,结实能力强,果顶有印圈,成熟果实饱满种子达116粒。盛花期5月初,成熟采收期11月中旬。果肉质地细嫩,酸甜适中,无苦味,无异味,可食率44.7%,出汁率35.6%,可溶性固形物含量14.1%,可滴定酸含量0.6 g/100 g,维生素C含量78.8 mg/100 mL。采前落果率中等,裂果率15%~20%。平均单果质量1620 g。4年生枸头橙嫁接树,单株产量44.1 kg,每667 m^(2)产量2646 kg。脆甜柚是一份优质的柚类种质资源,值得进一步研究和推广种植。Crisp Sweet Pomelo is a newly discovered pomelo germplasm resource in Jiande City,Zhejiang Province.To understand the characteristics and production application value of Crisp Sweet Pomelo,according to the requirements of the description specification,its botanical characteristics,biological characteristics and stress resistance were observed in the field.The quality indicators such as soluble solids were sampled and determined,and the yield was assessed at harvest period.The results showed that the Crisp Sweet Pomelo could withstand the low temperature of-5℃.The leaf is full margin,with no wavy serration.It is self-compatible with strong bearing ability,no need for pollination trees and artificial pollination.There is a ring on the top of the fruit.It is seedy with up to 116 full seeds per fruit at mature.Full flowering period was in early May,with fruit mature in mid-November.The pulp texture was tender,moderate sweet and sour,no bitter taste,no odor,with edible rate of 44.7%,juice rate of 35.6%,soluble solid content of 14.1%,titratable acid content of 0.6 g/100 g,vitamin C content of 78.8 mg/100 mL.The fruit cracking rate before harvest was moderate,with cracking rate of 15%-20%.The average single fruit weight was 1,620 g.4-year-old tree produced 44.1 kg fruits per plant and 2,646 kg fruits per 667 m^(2).Crispy Sweet Pomelo is a high-quality pomelo germplasm resource,with good potential for further research and promotion.

关 键 词：脆甜柚 生物学特性 种质资源评价 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]