澳洲坚果主导品种Own Choice的品种配置研究  

Study on arrangement of pollination varieties for dominant Macadamia variety Own Chioce

作　　者：孔广红[1] 陶丽[1] 贺熙勇[1] 倪书邦[1] 陈丽兰[1] 肖晓明[1] KONG Guanghong;TAO Li;HE Xiyong;NI Shubang;CHEN Lilan;XIAO Xiaoming(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops/Yunnan Macadamia Agricultural Engineering Research Center/Yunnan Technology Innovation Center of Woody Oil,Jinghong,Yunnan,666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所/云南省澳洲坚果农业工程研究中心/云南省木本油料技术创新中心,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第5期74-79,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：云南省农业联合专项面上项目(202301BD070001-084);云南省热带作物科学研究所青年成长基金(QNCZ2021-1);云南省创新引导与科技型企业培育计划(202404BP090014);云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项(RFRF2024-7);“兴滇英才支持计划”项目(2022-0068)资助。

摘　　要：为了明确澳洲坚果园主导品种Own Choice(O.C)的最适配置品种,选择HAES863、D、D4、HAES816、HAES906、HAES294、HAES900、A4等8个品种为O.C授粉,统计分析不同授粉处理的着果率、杂交不亲和性程度指数、着果花序率、每果序着果数、落果率、壳果横径等指标。结果表明,以着果率及着果花序率统计的杂交不亲和性程度指数发现,HAES863、D、D4、HAES816、HAES906与O.C的杂交亲和性高于A4、HAES294、HAES900。供试品种处理的着果率与着果花序率之间存在正相关关系,初步推断可使用着果花序率代替着果率评价O.C与不同品种的杂交不亲和性程度;8个授粉处理的平均着果花序率为40.60%,可以此推断O.C与不同授粉品种的田间杂交不亲和性程度。综合分析推断,澳洲坚果主导品种O.C的最适配置品种为HAES863和D4,根据小气候可选择性搭配种植D、HAES906、HAES816。To determine the optimal pollination cultivars for leading Macadamia variety Own Chioce(O.C)in Macadamia orchards,with O.C as the maternal plant and other eight varieties as the paternal plants including HAES863,D,D4,HAES816,HAES906,HAES294,HAES900 and A4,nut set rate of racemes,the degree index of cross incompatibility,the number of nut set per inflorescence and infructescence,abscission rate and transverse diameter of shell nuts of different pollination treatments were analyzed.The results indicated that the hybrid affinities between males HAES863,D,D4,HAES816,HAES906 and female O.C were stronger than those between males A4,HAES294,HAES900 and female O.C according to the index of cross incompatibility based on nut set rate and nut set rate of racemes.There was a positive correlation between nut set rate and nut set rate of racemes.It was inferred that nut set rate of racemes could be used to replace nut set rate as an essential index to evaluate the degree of cross-compatibility between maternal O.C and different paternal varieties.The average nut set rate of racemes of the eight hybrid combinations was 40.6%,which could be used to determine the degree of cross incompatibility between the maternal O.C and any male parents.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the degree of hybridization affinity between the dominant variety O.C of macadamia and 8 male parents,combined with the flowering phenology of O.C,varieties HAES863 and D4 were selected as the optimal male parents for O.C.According to the local microclimate,D,HAES906 and HAES816 were the optional male parents for planting with O.C.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 Own Choice 授粉品种 着果率 着果花序率 杂交不亲和性 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]