氨基酸液态肥对“蜜脆”苹果生长发育的影响  

Effects of liquid amino acid fertilizer on growth of Honeycrisp apple trees

作　　者：信皓天 刘瑾 李冯 梁博文 尹宝颖[1] 周莎莎 张学英[1] 徐继忠[1] 李中勇[1] XIN Haotian;LIU Jin;LI Feng;LIANG Bowen;YIN Baoying;ZHOU Shasha;ZHANG Xueying;XU Jizhong;LI Zhongyong(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei,071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第5期188-192,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-27);河北省现代农业产业技术体系苹果创新团队(HBCT2021100409);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326802D)资助。

摘　　要：为明确氨基酸液态肥对苹果树体生长发育的影响,以2年生“蜜脆”苹果为试材,比较了不同施肥量处理对苹果幼树生长发育的影响。结果表明,适量氨基酸液态肥处理能促进“蜜脆”苹果幼树生长,其中,A5处理1年生枝长度最大,较尿素处理增加了10.42%;A4处理显著增加了“蜜脆”幼树总枝量和短枝数量,较尿素处理分别增加18.34%和23.68%。A5处理的“蜜脆”幼树叶片叶面积、叶绿素、全氮、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量显著高于尿素处理,分别增加了10.57%、17.73%、10.85%、17.74%和28.08%。A4和A5处理显著增加了“蜜脆”苹果休眠期顶芽与腋芽内的可溶性糖含量,较尿素处理分别增加了4.52%、15.38%和9.03%、23.78%。综合研究结果,氨基酸液态肥可促进“蜜脆”苹果幼树生长发育,适宜施肥量为每株树1.05~1.35 L。In order to clarify the effect of amino acid liquid fertilizer on the growth of apple trees,2-year-old Honeycrisp plants were used as the test material to compare the effect of different amounts of fertilizer on the growth of apple trees.The results showed that the appropriate amount of amino acid liquid fertilizer treatment could promote the growth of Honeycrisp apple trees.Among which,the length of annual branches treated with A5 was the longest,which increased by 10.42%compared with urea treatment.A4 treatment significantly increased the total number of branches and short branches of young Honeycrisp trees by 18.34%and 23.68%compared with urea treatment,respectively.A5 treatment significantly increased the leaf area,chlorophyll,total N content,soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of young Honeycrisp trees by 10.57%,17.73%,10.85%,17.74% and 28.08%,respectively,compared with urea treatment.A4 treatment significantly increased the fresh weight,dry weight,chlorophyll and total N content of leaves of Honeycrisp trees by 8.74%,10.08%,14.55% and 7.30% compared with urea treatment,respectively.A4 and A5 treatments significantly increased the soluble sugar content in apical buds and lateral buds of Honeycrisp apple during dormancy by 4.52%and 15.38%,9.03% and 23.78%,compared with urea treatment,respectively.Based on the results of comprehensive research,amino acid liquid fertilizer can promote the growth of Honeycrisp apple trees,and the suitable fertilization amount is 1.05-1.35 L per tree.

关 键 词：氨基酸液态肥 尿素 苹果 生长发育 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]