武汉市湖泊水体三种致腹泻病原菌的分布特征  

The distribution characteristics of three types of diarrheal pathogens in the lakes of Wuhan city

作　　者：邓闵 王昱人 刘文晶 李露[2,3] 宋康 DENG Min;WANG Yu-ren;LIU Wen-jing;LI Lu;SONG Kang(Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所湖泊与流域水安全重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第10期5875-5884,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2023YFC3205800);国家自然科学基金项目(42222709)。

摘　　要：通过野外调查武汉市及周边区域冬夏季节城市和农业湖泊水质,并应用荧光定量PCR技术分析了3种致腹泻病原菌的分布特征.结果表明,城市湖泊水体的大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)uidA基因[(1.86±1.15)×10^(9)copies/100mL]和痢疾志贺菌(Shigella dysenteriae)ipaH基因[(2.20±1.54)×10^(5)copies/100mL]的平均丰度分别是农业湖泊的2倍和2.7倍(P<0.05),而沙门氏菌(Salmonella spp.)没有显著的区域差异.夏季湖泊水体的大肠杆菌uidA基因丰度[(3.75±1.48)×10^(9)copies/100mL]显著高于冬季湖泊[(1.45±1.07)×10^(9)copies/100mL](P<0.01),而沙门氏菌和痢疾志贺菌没有显著的季节差异.大肠杆菌作为粪便指示菌,其uidA基因丰度与痢疾志贺菌的ipaH基因之间呈显著正相关(P<0.0001),而与沙门氏菌的dam基因无显著的线性关系(P>0.05).湖泊水体中大肠杆菌uidA基因和痢疾志贺菌ipaH基因丰度分别与叶绿素a、总磷和氨氮呈显著正相关.污水排放和地表径流导致收纳湖泊营养盐增加和直接排放病原微生物显著提高了城市湖泊病原菌丰度;夏季水体更高的悬浮颗粒(藻类为主)有利于大肠杆菌等病原菌附着生长;为准确反映水体中病原菌的污染情况,控制生物风险,需要增加环境水体病原菌的监测种类.Field surveys were conducted in Wuhan city and its surrounding areas to assess the water quality of urban and agricultural lakes during winter and summer.Additionally,fluorescence quantitative PCR technology was employed to analyze the distribution patterns of three diarrheal pathogens.The results revealed that the average abundance of Escherichia coli uidA gene[(1.86±1.15)×10^(9)copies/100mL]and the Shigella dysenteriae ipaH gene[(2.20±1.54)×10^(5)copies/100mL]in urban lakes was approximately 2-and 2.7-times higher,respectively,compared to agricultural lakes(P<0.05).However,no significant regional difference was observed in the abundance of Salmonella spp.between urban and agricultural lakes.During the summer,the abundance of the E.coli uidA gene[(3.75±1.48)×10^(9)copies/100mL]in lake water was significantly higher compared to the winter[(1.45±1.07)×10^(9)copies/100mL](P<0.01).Conversely,no significant seasonal difference was observed in the abundance of Salmonella spp.and S.dysenteriae in the lake water.The abundance of E.coli,an indicator of fecal contamination,showed a significant positive correlation with the presence of S.dysenteriae ipaH gene(P<0.0001).However,no significant linear relationship was found between the abundance of the E.coli uidA gene and the presence of the Salmonella spp.dam gene(P>0.05).In the lake water,the abundance of the E.coli uidA gene and the S.dysenteriae ipaH gene showed significant positive correlations with chlorophyll-a,total phosphorus,and ammonium nitrogen.Overall,sewage discharge and surface runoff have led to nutrient enrichment and a significant increase in the abundance of pathogenic microorganisms in urban lakes.In summer,higher levels of suspended particles,predominantly composed of algae,promote the attachment and growth of pathogenic bacteria like E.coli.To accurately reflect pathogenic bacterial contamination in water bodies and control biological risks,it is necessary to increase the variety of pathogenic bacteria monitored in environmental water.

关 键 词：大肠杆菌 城市化 季节 功能基因 叶绿素A 指示菌 腹泻 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]