基于社会生态学模型的社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理现状和影响因素研究  

Study on the status and influencing factors of self-management in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on socio-ecological model

作　　者：乌云挺 WU Yunting(The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211112,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属逸夫医院,江苏南京211112

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2024年第19期3337-3342,共6页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的基于社会生态学模型探讨社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理现状和影响因素。方法2023年8-12月,以社会生态学模型为理论依据,采用一般资料调查问卷、密歇根糖尿病知识测试问卷、糖尿病管理自我效能问卷和糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表对南京市若干社区的225例2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果自我管理平均得分为(47.94±12.91)分,得分指标为62.26%。文化程度、住院次数、自备血糖仪、饮酒、自我效能、医生支持、社区环境、社区地理位置是自我管理现状的主要影响因素,解释总变异为45.0%。结论社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理现状一般且受社会生态学模型多个层面的因素影响。相关卫生部门应综合考虑多方面的影响因素,对社区2型糖尿病患者进行针对性和个体化的健康宣教和干预措施,以提高患者的自我管理意识和能力。Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of self-management in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on socio-ecological model.Methods From Auguast to December,2023,a total of 225 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from several communities in Nanjing and were investigated with a basic information questionnaire,the Diabetes Knowledge Test,the Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale and the Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities based on socio-ecological model.Results The average score of self-management was(47.94±12.91)socre,with a indicator of 62.26%.Education level,hospitalizations,self-provided glucometer,potation,self-efficacy,medical support,community environment,geographical position are the main influencing factors of the status of self-management,which could explain 45.0%of the total variation.Conclusion The status of self-management in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is mediocre and influenced by factors at multiple levels of socio-ecological model.To improve the awareness and ability of self-management in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,health departments should comprehensively take various influencing factors into consideration,and carry out pertinent and individualized health education and interventions for them.

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 社会生态学模型 自我管理 影响因素 社区 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]