中国南方荷斯坦青年母牛体质指数算法的建立及其与繁殖性能的相关性  

Establishment of the algorithm for body mass index and its correlation with reproductive performance of Holstein in Southern China

作　　者：程蕾 刘辰晖 余婕 向敏 胡修忠 钟朱夏 周源 赵胜兰 王定发 CHENG Lei;LIU Chenhui;YU Jie;XIANG Min;HU Xiuzhong;ZHONG Zhuxia;ZHOU Yuan;ZHAO Shenlan;WANG Dingfa(Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science,Wuhan 430065,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市农业科学院,武汉430065

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2024年第4期57-64,共8页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023BBB058);武汉市农业科学院创新项目(QNCX202106、QNCX202208)。

摘　　要：为研究中国南方荷斯坦青年母牛体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的最佳算法及其与繁殖性能的相关性,测定330头青年母牛的体尺体重,参照人BMI构建原理及公式BMI=体重/体高~n(n=2或3),基于体斜长(body length,BL)、体直长(body straight length,BSL)、体高(body height,BH)3类体尺和体重(body weight,BW)参数设置6种候选青年母牛BMI算法。通过分析不同BMI算法与体尺体重的相关性,比较不同体况评价方式与青年母牛配种次数和头胎日龄的相关性,选择最佳BMI算法建立初配奶牛的BMI优势区间。结果表明:计算公式BMI=BW/BH2与体重强相关,与体尺相互独立,且与配种次数和头胎日龄呈极显著相关,是评估青年母牛繁殖性能的最优算法。当BMI>275.50 kg·m^(-2)时,青年母牛配种后情期受胎率呈快速增长趋势,且高BMI母牛(BMI>275.50 kg·m^(-2))血清中丙氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白含量显著高于低BMI母牛(BMI<275.50 kg·m^(-2))。综上,当个体满足275.50 kg·m^(-2)-2时,配种后成功妊娠的概率较高,提示该区间为青年母牛配种的BMI优势区间。The aim of this study was to research the optimal algorithm of body mass index(BMI)and its correlation with reproductive performance of Holstein in Southern China.In this study,the body size and body weight of heifers(n=330)were measured and six candidate BMI algorithms were set up based on body length(BL),body straight length(BSL),body height(BH)and body weight(BW),following referenced BMI construction principle and formula of human.By analyzing the correlation between different BMI algorithms and body size and BW,and comparing the correlation between different body condition methods evaluation and the mating times and the first gestational age of heifers,the best algorithm of BMI was chosen to establish the optimal interval of BMI for the first-mated cows.The results showed that the formula BMI=BW/BH^(2) was strongly correlated with BW,but independent of body size.In addition,the formula was highly significantly correlated with the mating times and the first gestational age,which was the best algorithm to evaluate the reproductive performance for heifers.When BMI>275.50 kg·m^(-2),the estrus conception rate increased rapidly.Meanwhile,the levels of alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein in serum of high-BMI cows(BMI>275.50 kg·m^(-2))were significantly higher than those in low-BMI cows(BMI<275.50 kg·m^(-2)).When the BMI was between 275.50 and 341.10 kg·m^(-2),the probability of successful pregnancy after insemination was higher,suggesting that this interval was the optimal interval of BMI for insemination of heifers.

关 键 词：奶牛 体质指数 配种次数 头胎日龄 情期受胎率 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]