手机产业链由中国转移至印度的驱动机理及影响因素  

Driving Mechanisms and Influencing Factors of Mobile Phone Industry Chain Shifting from China to India

作　　者：刘晓婧 Liu Xiaojing

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学商学院

出　　处：《南亚研究季刊》2024年第3期59-77,158,共20页South Asian Studies Quarterly

基　　金：江苏省高校哲社一般项目“风险叠加背景下制造企业供应链韧性研究”(2024SJYB0797)的阶段性成果;教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“‘印太战略’背景下中国与南亚国家经济关系研究”(22JJD810026)的中期成果。

摘　　要：近年来,印度政府在实施“印度制造”战略的同时,积极响应某些国家提出的产业链“去中国化”计划,凭借劳动力的低成本优势,实施了一系列鼓励制造业发展的措施,企图通过承接大规模产业转移来提升印度制造业水平,特别是在电子和手机制造领域。苹果(iPhone)、小米、OPPO、vivo等手机企业相继在印度建厂,手机产业链从中国转移至印度成为全球手机产业链重构的重要表现。研究结果表明,印度低廉的劳动力和土地成本吸引手机产业链由中国向印度转移,印度优惠的税收政策对手机企业的利润和盈利能力有积极影响,冲击着在中国分布的手机产业链。在手机产业链由中国向印度转移的影响因素中,土地成本的影响最大,税收政策次之,制造成本影响最小。中国应加大土地供应,增加环境治理和技术创新资金投入;加大政策扶持力度,扩宽税收优惠和减免范围;加大原材料供应,优化劳动力市场结构等措施,以提高手机供应链的韧性,增强手机产业链的竞争力。In recent years the Indian government has actively responded to theDe Sinicization plan of the industrial chain proposed by some countries while implementing theMade in India strategy.A series of measures have been implemented to encourage the development of the manufacturing industry especially in the fields of electronics and mobile phone manufacturing by undertaking large-scale industrial transfers.Apple Xiaomi OPPO vivo and other mobile phone companies have successively built factories in India.The research results indicate that India̓s low labor and land costs attract the mobile phone industry chain to shift from China to India.India̓s favorable tax policies have a positive impact on the profits and profitability of mobile phone companies.From the perspective of the factors influencing the transfer of the mobile phone industry chain from China to India land costs have the greatest impact followed by tax policies and manufacturing costs have the smallest impact.China should increase land supply increase investment in environmental governance and technological innovation increase policy support broaden tax incentives and exemptions increase raw material supply optimize labor market structure etc.To enhance the resilience of the mobile phone supply chain and strengthen the competitiveness of the mobile phone industry chain.

关 键 词：产业链转移 驱动机理 手机产业链 竞争力 

分 类 号：F435.166[经济管理—产业经济]