印度教民族主义崛起背景下再议印度国语问题  

Rediscussion on India̓s National Language Issue in the Context of the Rise of Hindu Nationalism

作　　者：杨柳 Yang Liu

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学外国语学院

出　　处：《南亚研究季刊》2024年第3期98-118,159,共22页South Asian Studies Quarterly

基　　金：国家语委“十四五”规划2023年度重大项目“语言强国的内涵、特征和实现路径研究”(WT145-50)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近年来,印度教民族主义在印度强势崛起。在语言问题上,印度教民族主义者将印地语视为推进其意识形态的重要工具和手段。在印度教民族主义基于同一文化、语言和地理单元的国族理念下,印地语成为其构建印度教国族所需要的全民族共同语和国族认同的语言基础。在此背景下,印地语作为印度官方语言的地位得到进一步巩固,推广范围和影响力显著扩大,但这一过程也面临着平衡少数族裔语言和文化权利的挑战。文章立足于印度多语环境的现实,分析印度当局推动印地语“国语化”的新态势及其动机,并探讨了这一过程中面临的阻力和未来前景。文章指出,在印度语境下,印地语的推广必须兼顾本土语言、文化多样性,这是维护语言生态与民族关系和谐的关键,也是印度政府在推动国族构建的过程中需要慎重考量的问题。In recent years Hindu nationalism has risen strongly in India.In terms of language Hindu nationalists see Hindi as a crucial tool and means for advancing their ideology.Within the Hindu nationalist framework which is based on the idea of a unified nation built on same culture language and geography Hindi has become the common language necessary for constructing a Hindu nation and serves as the linguistic foundation for fostering national identity.In this context the status of Hindi as India̓s official language has been further strengthened with its promotion and influence significantly expanding.However this process also faces the challenge of balancing the linguistic and cultural rights of minority groups.This paper based on the realities of India̓s multilingual environment analyzes the new dynamics and motivations behind the government̓s promotion of Hindinationalization and explores the resistance and future prospects of this process.It emphasizes that in the Indian context the promotion of Hindi must take into account the diversity of indigenous languages and cultures as this is key to maintaining a harmonious linguistic ecology and ethnic relations and should be carefully considered by the government in its nation-building efforts.

关 键 词：印度教民族主义 印地语 国语 印度语言问题 国族认同 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]