不同采收期对轮台白杏果实品质及代谢物的影响  

Effects of different harvesting periods on fruit quality and metabolites of‘Luntaibaixing’apricot fruit

作　　者：樊国全[1] 唐章虎[1] 闫立玉 金杰 王亚铜 王绍鹏 孙召展 苏比努尔·艾则孜 章世奎[1] 周伟权 FAN Guoquan;TANG Zhanghu;YAN Liyu;JIN Jie;WANG Yatong;WANG Shaopeng;SUN Zhaozhan;SUBINUR Aizezi;ZHANG Shikui;ZHOU Weiquan(Luntai Fruit Tree Resource Nursery,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luntai 841600,China;Forest Seedling Management Station of the 12th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi 830000,China;College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院轮台果树资源圃,新疆维吾尔自治区轮台841600 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第十二师林木种苗管理站,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第19期306-314,共9页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目(KY2021124);农业农村部种质资源保护专项(19221874);自治区科研创新平台“新疆轮台杏、李野外科学观测研究站”。

摘　　要：为探究不同采收期对轮台白杏果实品质和代谢物的影响,对轮台白杏不同采收期(S1~S6)果实的品质进行了测定,同时采用广泛靶向代谢组学技术对不同采收期果实中代谢物进行了研究。结果表明,随着果实的成熟,果实单果重、可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖、色泽指数、pH值不断上升,而果实硬度、可滴定总酸呈现出逐渐下降的变化趋势。维生素C含量呈现出先上升再下降的变化趋势,在S3时达到最大值。在6个不同采收期果实中鉴定出867种代谢物,包括黄酮类、脂质类、木脂素和香豆素类类、生物碱类、萜类、鞣质类、其他类(包含糖类、醇类及维生素)、酚酸类、氨基酸及其衍生物、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、甾体等12大类,其中黄酮类物质数量最多,为191种,占总代谢物的22%。通过对差异较大代谢物进行分析,糖类物质、有机酸、黄酮类和氨基酸及其衍生物是造成不同采收期轮台白杏果实口感、风味差异的根本原因。研究结果表明,S3和S4时期为轮台白杏的最佳采收期。To investigate the effects of different harvesting periods on the quality and metabolites of‘Luntai White Apricot’fruit,the quality of‘Luntaibaixing’apricot fruits at different harvesting periods(S1-S6)was measured,and the widely targeted metabolomics were used to study the metabolites in the fruits at different harvesting periods.Results showed that as the fruit matured,the single fruit weight,soluble solids,total soluble sugar,color index,and pH value of the fruit continued to increase,while the fruit hardness and titratable total acid showed a gradually decreasing trend.The content of vitamin C showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,reaching its maximum value at S3.867 metabolites were identified in the fruits of‘Luntaibaixing’apricot at six different harvest periods,including 12 major categories,including flavonoids,lipids,lignans and coumarins,alkaloids,terpenes,tannins,others(including saccharides,alcohols and vitamins),phenolic acids,amino acids and derivatives,organic acids,nucleotides and derivatives,and steroids,of which the number of flavonoids was the largest,191,accounting for 22%.Through the analysis of metabolites with large differences,sugar,organic acids,flavonoids,amino acids and derivatives may be the root cause of the difference in taste and flavor of‘Luntaibaixing’apricot fruit in different harvest periods.The research results indicate that S3 and S4 are the optimal harvesting periods for‘Luntaibaixing’apricots.

关 键 词：轮台白杏 采收期 果实品质 广泛靶向代谢组 代谢物 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]