CO_(2)压裂页岩油产出水中腐蚀性细菌特征及菌群多样性  

Characteristics of Corrosive Bacteria and Diversity of Microbial Communities in the Produced Water for a Shale Oil Field Fractured by CO_(2)

作　　者：蒋秀 于超 解辉 花靖 谷成林 JIANG Xiu;YU Chao;XIE Hui;HUA Jing;GU Cheng-lin(SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China;State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals,SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China;Registration Center for Chemicals,Ministry of Emergency Management,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,青岛266000 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,青岛266000 [3]应急管理部化学品登记中心,青岛266100

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第27期11655-11662,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司科技攻关项目(321044)。

摘　　要：采用水力压裂的页岩气田整个生产周期内的产出水普遍含大量硫酸盐还原菌(sulfate-reducing bacteria,SRB)、腐生菌(total general bacteria,TGB)和铁细菌(iron bacteria,IB)腐蚀性细菌。采用CO_(2)与水力压裂交替的CO_(2)压裂技术是现阶段页岩油开发最有前景的技术之一,页岩油产出水中SRB、TGB和IB细菌特征及菌群的多样性研究鲜有报道。采用绝迹稀释法和高通量测序技术研究了某页岩油田配置压裂液的河水、压裂液、投产0.67~76 d产出水中SRB、TGB和IB腐蚀性细菌变化规律、腐蚀性细菌对CO_(2)和井下高温环境的适应性,及细菌群落多样性的变化特征。结果表明:页岩油环境的SRB、TGB及IB细菌主要在压裂及生产初期存在(10~3~10~7个/mL),在投产47 d后,细菌含量明显降低。SRB、TGB及IB对压裂期间注入的CO_(2)的敏感性不同,CO_(2)抑制SRB、TGB的生长,促进IB的生长。在150℃,2 MPa环境中暴露10 h后,SRB、TGB和IB细菌的死亡率达99.9%。投产1 d内的产出水中的细菌主要为压裂过程引入的外源细菌。随投产时间延长,压裂过程引入的外源细菌对地层微生物菌群的影响有所降低,且产出水的细菌多样性显著增加。投产0.67 d和1 d产出水的Shannon指数分别为2.4和2.2;投产47 d和76 d后,Shannon指数增加至7.7和7.4。细菌群落结构随投产时间发生了显著变化,压裂液及投产后0.67~76 d的产出水中变形菌门(20%~97%)为优势类群;投产47 d及76 d的产出水中的厚壁菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、绿弯菌门的相对丰度较高。页岩油井产出水中还存在潜在石油类降解菌芽孢杆菌纲、假单胞菌属、嗜冷杆菌属、海杆菌属等。An abundance of SRB,TGB and IB corrosive bacteria were generally detected in the produced water of shale gas fields with hydraulic fracture throughout the production cycle.CO_(2)fracturing technology is one of the most promising technologies for shale oil development.To date,limited research has been directed to the corrosive bacteria and the diversity of microbial communities in the produced water for the shale oil field.With the maximum possible number method(MPN)and high-throughput sequencing method,the change of the concentrations for SRB,TGB,and IB bacteria with the production time and the bacterial community characteristics in the produced water of shale oil field was investigated.The results showed that high concentrations of 103~107 cells/mL for SRB,TGB,and IB bacteria were measured in the river water to make fracturing liquid,fracturing liquid,and the produced water within 1 day of production.However,a significant decrease in the concentration of SRB,TGB,and IB bacteria was observed after 47 days of production.The sensitivity of SRB,TGB,and IB to the injected CO_(2)during fracturing was different.The growth of SRB,TGB was inhibited while the growth of IB was promoted by CO_(2).99.9%of SRB,TGB and IB were killed when the produced water was exposed to 150℃,2 MPa for 10 h.The bacteria in the produce water within 1 day of production were mainly made up of the exogenous bacteria introduced during the fracturing process,which made less impact on the microbial community with the extension of production time.The diversity of bacteria significantly increased with the increase of production time.Shannon index was 2.4 and 2 for the produced water after 0.67 day and 1 day of production,and it increased to 7.7 and 7.4 after 47 and 76 days of production.The bacterial community structure underwent significant changes with production time.The microbial community was dominated by Proteobacteria that represented approximately 20%to 97%of the total cell number for fracturing liquid,and the produced water within 76 days o

关 键 词：页岩油 CO_(2) 高温 产出水 细菌 多样性 

分 类 号：TE38[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]