硫化铜矿酸性环境调节技术研究  

Research on Acidic Environment Regulation Technology in Copper Sulfide Mine

作　　者：蔡若妍 赵珠宇 谭力 薛锦春 张晓 CAI Ruoyan;ZHAO Zhuyu;TAN Li;XUE Jinchun;ZHANG Xiao(School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330013,China;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;Emergency Management Administration of Shantou Haojiang District,Shantou,Guangdong 515071,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学能源与机械工程学院,江西南昌330013 [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [3]广东省汕头市濠江区应急管理局,广东汕头515071

出　　处：《环境监测管理与技术》2024年第5期1-6,12,共7页The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51664016);江西省科技厅重点研发计划基金资助项目(20212BBG73013);江西铜业股份有限公司德兴铜矿科研基金资助项目(2017-3607-09);江西铜业股份有限公司城门山铜矿科研基金资助项目(CTYJ2022006)。

摘　　要：分析了硫化铜矿开采过程中酸性矿山废水(AMD)生成和土壤酸化的机理,以及硫化铜矿酸性环境的危害,综述了酸碱中和、硫化物沉淀、表面钝化、微生物、模拟人工湿地等AMD治理方法,以及中和、生物质炭、植物修复、微生物等酸性土壤治理方法。在此基础上,提出可驯化对环境适应性更强的硫酸盐还原菌、制备碱化生物质炭以高效调节酸性土壤、利用硫化铜矿酸性废水制备可反作用于酸性环境的黄钾铁矾保护层,以及将黄钾铁矾保护层、驯化后的硫酸盐还原菌、碱化生物质炭、植物修复法相结合综合治理硫化铜矿酸性环境,以期提升治理效果。The formation of acid mine drainage(AMD)and the mechanism of soil acidification during copper sulfide mining were analyzed.The hazards of acidic environment in copper sulfide mine were introduced.The methods of treating AMD by acid alkali neutralization,sulfide precipitation,surface passivation,microorganisms and simulated artificial wetlands,and treating acidic soil by neutralization,biochar,phytore-mediation and microorganisms were summarized.On this basis,a variety of comprehensive measures to treat the acidic environment of copper sulfide mine were proposed to improve the treatment effect,such as domesticating sulfate reducing bacteria with stronger adaptability to the environment,preparing alkalized biochar to efficiently regulate acidic soil,using copper sulfide acidic wastewater to prepare a protective layer of jarosite that could react on acidic environment,and the combination of jarosite protection layer,domesticated sulfate reducing bacteria,alkalized biochar and phytoremediation.

关 键 词：硫化铜矿 酸性矿山废水 土壤酸化 生态修复 

分 类 号：X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]