庙垭碳酸岩-碱性岩型铌稀土矿床成矿作用及与国内其他典型矿床对比  

Metallogenesis of Miaoya Nb-REE Deposit with Comparison to Typical Carbonatite-Alkaline Rock-Related Nb-REE Deposits in China

作　　者：王祥发 万传辉 王帅君 刘冬勤 王娟 崔培龙 康昱 WANG Xiang-Fa;WAN Chuan-Hui;WANG Shuai-Jun;LIU Dong-Qin;WANG Juan;CUI Pei-Long;KANG Yu(No.8^(th)Geological Team of Hubei Geological Bureau,Xiangyang 441000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省地质局第八地质大队,湖北襄阳441000

出　　处：《华南地质》2024年第3期462-480,共19页South China Geology

基　　金：湖北省地质局重大科技项目(KJ2022-27);中国地质调查局项目(DD20240063)。

摘　　要：稀土元素(REE)和铌(Nb)等战略性关键金属主要赋存在碳酸岩和(或)碱性岩体中。因此,碳酸岩-碱性岩型铌稀土矿床成矿作用研究具有重要的科学意义和经济价值。本文以湖北庙垭碳酸岩-正长岩型铌稀土矿床为例,详细综述了其矿床地质、成岩成矿年代学及矿床模式等方面的相关研究进展,并以“比较矿床学”的方法,将其与国内其他典型碳酸岩-碱性岩型铌稀土矿床进行了对比。通过系统对比,本文指出地幔源区富集组分、岩浆演化程度以及岩浆期后热液流体作用程度的差异是控制碳酸岩-碱性岩型铌稀土矿床成矿差异性的关键因素。庙垭铌稀土矿床由于相对低的热液流体作用程度,稀土品位相对偏低导致稀土资源的经济性偏低。对庙垭铌稀土矿床的开发利用应以其中丰富的铌资源为重点进行攻关,在当前高的铌对外高依存度形势下有望改善我国的铌矿资源格局。REE and Nb are strategic and critical metals mainly sourced from carbonatite-alkaline rocks.Thus,it is of great scientific and economic significance for the research on metallogenic mechanism of Nb-REE deposits associated with carbonatite-alkaline rocks.In this paper,we have detailedly summarized the recent progress in Miaoya Nb-REE deposit from Hubei which is related with carbonatite-syenite complex,with respect to geological characteristics,chronology,genesis and metallogenic model.Meanwhile,the method of“comparative metallogeny”is used for its comparison with other typical Nb-REE deposits of the same type from China.Through systematic analysis,we point out that the difference in enriched component introduced into mantle source,the degree of magma evolution,and the intensity of post-magmatic hydrothermal fluid activity are the key factors controlling the mineralization differences of carbonatite-alkaline rock-related Nb-REE deposits.Due to the relatively low-intensity hydrothermal fluid activity,the REE grade of the Miaoya deposit is correspondingly low,leading to the low economic value of its rare earth resources.The rich niobium resources should be focused on with the development and utilization of the Miaoya deposit,which is expected to lower down the currently high external dependency on niobium for China and improve China’s niobium resource pattern.

关 键 词：庙垭 碳酸岩-碱性岩 关键金属 铌稀土 比较矿床学 

分 类 号：P611.1[天文地球—矿床学]