2017-2023年山东省潍坊市流行性感冒病毒病原学监测结果分析  

Analysis on pathogenic surveillance of influenza in Weifang city,Shandong province from 2017 to 2023

作　　者：姜艳艳[1] 田蒙蒙 申亚琦 范俊杰[1] 陈伟[3] 单杰[3] JIANG Yan-yan;TIAN Meng-meng;SHEN Ya-qi;FAN Jun-jie;CHEN Wei;SHAN Jie(Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Weifang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong 261061,China;Laboratory of Microbial,Weifang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Weifang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,山东261061 [2]潍坊市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科 [3]潍坊市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第7期528-531,536,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省潍坊市科技发展计划项目(2022ZJ1060,2022YX113)。

摘　　要：目的分析2017-2023年山东省潍坊市流行性感冒(流感)病原学特点及趋势变化,为流感防控提供参考依据。方法收集2017-2023年山东省潍坊市国家级哨点医院的流感样病例病原学监测资料及全市暴发疫情资料,采用SPSS20.0统计软件对数据进行分析。结果2017-2023年哨点医院共采集咽拭子样本4241份,检出流感病毒阳性样本581份,总体阳性率13.70%,甲型H1N1流感病毒占比最高(33.56%),其次为乙型Victoria流感病毒(27.02%)。除2020-2021年未检出流感病毒外,其余年度呈现不同亚型毒株共同或交替流行趋势。2017-2018年优势毒株为甲型H1N1病毒和乙型Yamagata病毒,2018-2019年优势毒株为甲型H1N1病毒和甲型H3N2病毒,2019-2020年优势株为甲型H3N2病毒,2021-2022年优势毒株为乙型Victoria病毒(100%),2022-2023年优势毒株为甲型H3N2病毒和甲型H1N1病毒。不同季节流感病毒核酸检出阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=189.893,P<0.001),以冬春季为主。不同性别阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.214,P>0.05),不同年龄组核酸检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=205.666,P<0.001),其中15~24岁年龄组核酸检测阳性率最高(23.73%)。2017-2023年共报告流感样病例暴发疫情54起,以小学(48.15%)、中学(18.52%)为主,主要由乙型Yamagata病毒引起,其次为甲型H3N2病毒和乙型Victoria病毒。结论2017-2023年山东省潍坊市流感疫情呈现不同优势株共同或交替流行的态势,应重点关注学校等人群聚集场所,持续做好流感样病例监测。Objective To analyze the etiological and incidence trend of influenza in Weifang city from 2017to 2023,so as to provide reference for influenza prevention and control.Methods The data on the pathogenetic surveillance of influenza-like illness(ILI)cases in national sentinel hospitals and the outbreak epidemic in Weifang city,Shandong province were collected from 2017to 2023,and the data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0statistical software.Results A total of 4241 throat swab samples were collected from sentinel hospitals from 2017to 2023,and 581positive samples were detected,and positive rate of the influenza virus nucleic acid was 13.70%.The proportion of H1N1influenza virus was the highest(33.56%),followed by Victoria B influenza virus(27.02%).Except for the 2020to 2021period when no influenza virus was detected,there was a trend of common or alternating outbreaks of different subtypes of strains in other years.The dominant strains in 2017to 2018were H1N1virus and Yamagata virus,the dominant strains in 2018to 2019were H1N1 virus and H3N2virus,the dominant strain in 2019-2020was the H3N2virus,the dominant strain in 2021to 2022was Victoria B virus(100%),the dominant strains in 2022to 2023were H3N2virus and H1N1virus.There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid detection in different seasons(χ^(2)=189.893,P<0.001),mainly in winter and spring.There was no statistically significant difference in positive detection rates between genders(χ^(2)=2.214,P>0.05),and there was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid detection among different age groups(χ^(2)=205.666,P<0.001),the highest positive rate of nucleic acid testing was in the 15-24age group(23.73%).A total of 54ILI outbreaks were reported from 2017to 2023,they were mainly occurred in primary schools(48.15%)and secondary schools(18.52%),mainly caused by the B Yamagata virus,followed by the A H3N2virus and the B Victoria virus.Conclusion The influenza epidemic in W

关 键 词：流行性感冒 病原学 流行趋势 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]