中国茶叶产业集聚水平测度分析  

Measurement and Analysis of Agglomeration Level of Tea Industry in China

作　　者：毛昭庆 张远强 曾贞 张晓娇 鄢文光 伏成秀[2] MAO Zhaoqing;ZHANG Yuanqiang;ZENG Zhen;ZHANG Xiaojiao;YAN Wenguang;FU Chengxiu(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China;Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,昆明650205 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《农学学报》2024年第10期92-100,共9页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项“地理标志农产品关键技术研究与运用”(202102AE090051);云南省科技人才与平台计划“中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目董晓波”(202105AC160088);云南省重大科技专项“云南高原特色有机农业产业技术体系研究与应用”(202202AE090029)。

摘　　要：中国作为全球最大的茶叶生产国与消费国,其茶叶产业集聚水平直接关系到中国茶叶产业的稳健发展。基于1991—2020年中国各茶叶生产省份的种植数据,采用空间基尼系数、区位熵和集中系数定量测算中国各茶叶生产省份的集聚水平,探究中国茶叶产业集聚的发展态势,并提出对策建议。结果表明:(1)中国茶叶种植区域向西南地区和中东部地区集聚,尤其以云南、福建、湖北、四川最为显著。(2)中国茶叶产业空间集聚程度较高,且1997年集聚程度最低,2018年集聚程度最高。(3)中国茶叶产业专业化程度较高,且专业化区域较为稳定,主要体现在以福建、浙江为主的中东部地区和以云南、贵州为主的西南地区。(4)中国茶叶产业集中化水平较高,且集聚区域相对稳定,逐渐呈现向以福建、湖北为主的中东部地区和以云南、贵州为主的西南地区集聚。(5)各茶叶生产省份之间的茶叶产业集中化水平和专业化程度存在明显差异,集中化水平总体高于专业化程度。为进一步提升中国茶叶产业集聚水平,应从茶农、茶企和政府3个方面入手,推动中国茶叶产业升级,促进茶叶产业高质量发展。As the largest producer and consumer of tea in the world,tea industry agglomeration level of China is directly related to the stable development of China's tea industry.Based on the planting data of various tea producing provinces in China from 1991 to 2020,the spatial Gini coefficient,location quotient,and concentration coefficient were used to quantitatively measure the agglomeration level of each tea producing province in China,explore the development trend of China's tea industry agglomeration,and propose countermeasures and suggestions.The results indicate that:(1)China's tea planting areas are clustered towards the southwest and central and eastern regions,especially in Yunnan,Fujian,Hubei,and Sichuan.(2)The spatial agglomeration degree of China's tea industry is relatively high,with the lowest in 1997 and the highest in 2018.(3)The degree of specialization in China's tea industry is relatively high,and the specialized regions are relatively stable,mainly reflected in the central and eastern regions dominated by Fujian and Zhejiang,and the southwestern regions dominated by Yunnan and Guizhou.(4)The concentration level of China's tea industry is relatively high,and the agglomeration areas are relatively stable,gradually showing a trend towards the central and eastern regions mainly composed of Fujian and Hubei,and the southwestern regions mainly composed of Yunnan and Guizhou.(5)There are significant differences in the level of concentration and specialization of the tea industry among different tea producing provinces,with the overall level of concentration being higher than that of specialization.To further enhance the clustering level of China's tea industry,efforts should be made from three aspects:tea farmers,tea enterprises,and the government to promote the upgrading of China's tea industry and the high-quality development of the tea industry.

关 键 词：茶叶 产业集聚 空间基尼系数 区位熵 集中系数 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济]