西班牙何以是悲剧?——托马斯·基德《西班牙悲剧》中的帝国之殇  

Why Spain is a Tragedy:The Downfall of the Empire in Thomas Kyd's The Spanish Tragedy

作　　者：郭晓霞 GUO Xiaoxia

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院

出　　处：《国外文学》2024年第3期87-97,共11页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金项目“英国都铎时期戏剧公共性研究(1485-1603)”(项目编号:22BWW060)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在西班牙和英国之间的政治与宗教冲突刚刚开始的时代,托马斯·基德的《西班牙悲剧》在固有的“西班牙情结”下探讨了西班牙帝国精神及其帝国之殇对英国的意义。随着两国矛盾的加剧,《西班牙悲剧》通过增补新的内容悄然植入了对西班牙的敌对和嘲讽思想,至詹姆斯一世时期,该剧进一步丑化自己的对手——西班牙,使盛行于欧洲的“黑色传奇”更黑。基德的目的在于警示当时以葡萄牙和西班牙为师的英国观众,但随着英国民族主义思想的高度发展和霸权意识的萌芽,《西班牙悲剧》的镜鉴意义让位于狭隘的民族诗学,而这或许正是未来英帝国之殇的源头。During the nascent period of political and religious conflicts between Spain and Britain,Thomas Kyd,under an inherent Spanophilia,explored in The Spanish Empire the spirit of the Spanish Empire,its decline and implications for Britain.As tensions between the two nations escalated,the play incorporated new elements that forstered hostility and satire with regard to Spain.Under the reign of James I,the play further vilified Spain and intensified the Black Legend prevalent in Europe.Kyd aimed to caution the English audience who were eager to learn from Spain and Portugal.However,as British nationalist sentiment and hegemonic consciousness grew,the reflective significance of The Spanish Tragedy was overshadowed by narrow ethnopoetics,potentially foreshadowing the eventual decline of the British Empire.

关 键 词：《西班牙悲剧》 西班牙情结 多殖民焦虑 黑色传奇 

分 类 号：J805[艺术—戏剧戏曲]