历史、伦理与读者——《牧师的黑面纱》中的三重隐喻  

History,Ethics,and Reader:A Trio of Metaphors in"The Minister's Black Veil"

作　　者：文逸闻 WEN Yiwen

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《国外文学》2024年第3期120-130,共11页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：湖南省社会科学基金青年项目“纳撒尼尔·霍桑历史罗曼司中的伦理批判思想研究”(项目编号:23YBQ035)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：围绕《牧师的黑面纱》,学界大多仅聚焦于作品的历史或寓言维度,而较少将两者相结合以充分探讨霍桑对殖民史的想象性重构及其现实关切。本文以小说的核心意象“黑面纱”为出发点,通过考察故事背景与作家创作语境之间的关联来揭示作品中的三重隐喻。本文认为,小说借胡珀牧师与其教民的面纱之争看似再现了复兴主义者与理性主义者的思想交锋,实则喻指了霍桑本人与同时代主流价值观的矛盾。而通过胡珀戴纱传道的故事,霍桑不仅含蓄表达和捍卫了自身的伦理观念,还建构了一种极具个人特色的写作策略以平衡艺术理想与读者需求。从这一点来看,《牧师的黑面纱》堪称一则具有自指意味的文学寓言。In regard to"The Minister's Black Veil",most scholars are exclusively concerned about its historical or allegorical dimension,without combining the two to fully examine Hawthorne's reimagination of the colonial history and his concern for reality.This paper,starting with a detailed analysis of the central image""black veil",attempts to reveal a trio of metaphors in the tale by investigating the relation between the story background and the author's creative context.It argues that through the dispute between Parson Hooper and his parishioners over the black veil,the tale seems to represent the ideological confrontation between revivalists and rationalists in the 18th century,but in fact it alludes to the contradiction between Hawthorne himself and the mainstream values of his time.In recounting Hooper's preaching with the black veil,moreover,Hawthorne not only provides an implicit expression of and justification for his personal ethics,but also devises a unique writing strategy to strike a balance between his artistic ideals and readers'demands.In this sense,"The Minister's Black Veil"can be regarded as a self-referential literary parable.

关 键 词：霍桑 《牧师的黑面纱》 历史 伦理 读者 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]