塔里木灌区多泥沙明渠测流设备比测与精度分析  

Comparison and accuracy analysis of flow measurement equipment for high sediment-laden open channels in Tarim irrigation area

作　　者：陆永鑫 李林[1] 王立成 宁聪毅 邓小来 LU Yongxin;LI Lin;WANG Licheng;NING Congyi;DENG Xiaolai(College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer,Xinjiang 843300,China;Beijing Lianchuang Siyuan Measurement and Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]北京联创思源测控技术有限公司,北京102200

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2024年第10期1036-1043,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51969028);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技攻关项目(2018AA003)。

摘　　要：为探究新疆塔里木灌区含沙水流对测流设备精度的影响,选取灌区测流条件较好且具有代表性的明渠水流为研究对象,以电磁流量计为基准,在室内明渠水槽测试了时差法超声流量计、旋桨式流速仪、多普勒流速仪,在不同含沙量(最大含沙量55 kg/m^(3),塔里木灌区明渠天然沙,中值粒径0.034 mm)下的测流精度.结果表明:在含沙量范围内测流平均意义上,时差法超声流量计在含沙量S≤33 kg/m^(3)下测流误差为-0.66%~7.92%,符合明渠量水误差规范要求,能够满足塔里木灌区最高含沙量(29 kg/m^(3))下的量水精度;旋桨式流速仪在低流速下测量结果偏低,随着含沙量的增大其测量结果逐渐偏大,误差最大达93%;多普勒流速仪在低含沙量下测量结果比清水条件下更精准,但高含沙量下测量误差较高,达140%~190%.研究结果可为塔里木灌区明渠测流设备选用提供借鉴,继而促进推广与应用.To investigate the effect of sediment-laden water flow on the accuracy of flow measurement equipment in Tarim irrigation area,Xinjiang,open channel water flow with good flow measurement conditions and representativeness in the irrigation area was selected as the research object.By taking the electromagnetic flowmeter as the benchmark,the flow measurement accuracy of the time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter,propeller flowmeter,and Doppler flowmeter under different sediment contents(maximum sediment content 55 kg/m^(3),natural sand in the open channel of Tarim irrigation area,median particle size 0.034 mm)was tested in an indoor open channel flume.The results show that in the average sense of flow measurement within the sediment particle size and sediment concentration range,the flow measurement error of the time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter ranges from-0.66%to 7.92%under the sediment concentration(S)of no more than 33 kg/m^(3),which meets the requirements of the open channel water measurement error specification and can meet the water flow measurement accuracy requirement in Tarim irrigation area where the maximum sediment concentration is 29 kg/m^(3).For the propeller flowmeter,its measurement accuracy is acceptable at low flow velocity,but gradually becomes worse with the increasing sediment concentration,with a maximum error of 93%.The mea-surement results of the Doppler flowmeter under low sediment concentration are more accurate than under clear water conditions,but the measurement error under high sediment concentration can be as high as 140%-190%.The research results can provide reference for the selection of open channel flow measurement equipment in Tarim irrigation area,and further facilitates its promotion and industrial application.

关 键 词：明渠测流 泥沙 塔里木灌区 时差法超声流量计 测量精度 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]