生成式人工智能风险治理市场机制的构造——以ChatGPT为例  

The construction of generative AI risk governance market mechanism Taking ChatGPT as an example

作　　者：谢珺[1,2] 杨永兴 XIE Jun;YANG Yongxing(School of Liberal Arts,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;School of Law,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学文法学院,河南焦作454000 [2]中国海洋大学法学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期17-27,共11页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BXW074)。

摘　　要：以ChatGPT为代表的现象级生成式强人工智能的诞生,在学术界及产业界激起千层浪,其凭借强大数字孪生能力在赋能产业生态的同时,也可能因技术缺陷抑或被操纵而滋生侵害公民个体权益、侵蚀公平正义、危害国家安全、破坏生态环境等风险,亟须法律做出必要的回应。审视我国既有技术风险治理实践经验可知,我国当前以传统的政府规制为主,不够重视市场机制的功能,也缺乏对二者的有效衔接与整合。为了平衡人工智能技术创新与良好社会秩序维护,市场机制应在生成式人工智能风险治理中起到基础性作用,而政府规制宜在市场机制失灵时予以介入。具体而言,生成式人工智能风险治理应建构起行业自律、用户数字素养培育和“以技治技”的三位一体市场机制。The birth of phenomenal generative strong artificial intelligence represented by ChatGPT has stirred up thousands of waves in academia and industry,and it empowers the industrial ecology with its powerful digital twin capabilities.However,it may also breed risks,such as infringing on the rights and interests of individual citizens,eroding fairness and justice,endangering national security,and damaging the ecological environment due to technical defects or manipulation,and urgent legal response is needed.Looking at the existing practical experience in technology risk governance in China,it can be seen that the country currently focuses on traditional government regulation,without attaching enough importance to the function of market mechanisms,or enough effective connection and integration between the two.In order to balance the innovation of artificial intelligence technology and the maintenance of a good social order,market mechanisms should play a fundamental role in the risk governance of generative artificial intelligence,and government regulations should intervene when market mechanisms fail.Specifically,the risk management of generative artificial intelligence should establish a trinity market mechanism of industry self-discipline,user digital literacy cultivation,and“technology governing technology”.

关 键 词：ChatGPT 生成式人工智能 风险治理 市场机制 网络法 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] TP391.41[政治法律—法学]